Laboratory experiments were carried out during 2011–12 and 2012–13 to study the toxicity of neonicotinoids against leafhopper (Amrasca biguttula biguttula) population of major cotton growing districts of Karnataka state, India. Leafhopper population of Haveri district recorded a maximum LC50 value followed by the population collected from Belgaum district against imidacloprid 17.8 SL and thiamethoxam 25 WG. While, leafhopper population of Raichur district recorded a maximum LC50 value against acetamiprid 20 SP. Clothianidin recorded relatively lower LC50 values as compared to other neonicotinoids bioassayed in all six cotton growing districts of Karnataka state.