Ahmad, A., Afzal, M., Ahmad, A. U. H. and Tahir, M. (2013). Effect of foliar application of silicon on yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Cercet. Agron. Mold. 3: 21-28. doi:10.2478/v10298-012-0089-3.
Anonymous (2022). Annual report 2021-22. Area production and yield of principle crops, Agricultural Statistics at a Glance. Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Economics & Statistics Division, Government of India. pp.28.
Arthi, V., Sriramachandrasekharan, M. V., Manivannan, R. and Shakila, A. (2021). Enhancement of agronomic traits and yield of rice var. ADT 43 grown in typic ustifluvent soil through silicon fertilization. J. Appl. Nat. Sci. 13: 1052-58. doi:10.31018/jans.v13i3.2803.
Bin Rahman, A. R. and Zhang, J. (2023). Trends in rice research: 2030 and beyond. Food Energy Secur. 12: doi.org/10.1002/fes3.390.
Chaiwong, N., Rerkasem, B., Pusadee, T. and Prom‐u‐Thai, C. (2021). Silicon application improves caryopsis development and yield in rice. J. Sci. Food Agric. 101: 220-28. doi:10.1002/jsfa.10634.
Doruk, K. (2020). Effect of level and sources of sulphur on yield of rice. Int. J. Chem. Stud. 8: 1687-89. doi:10.22271/chemi.2020.v8i4q.9853.
Dubey, S. K., Tiwari, D. D., Pandey, S. B., Singh, U. N. and Katiyar, N. K. (2016). Effect of nitrogen, sulphur and zinc application on yield, nutrient uptake and quality of rice. Res. Crop. 17: 13-15.
Gerami, M., Fallah, A. and Moghadam, M. K. (2012). Study of potassium and sodium silicate on the morphological and chlorophyll content on the rice plant in pot experiment (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences (IJACS), 4(10), 658-661.
Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1994). Statistical procedures for agricultural research, 11th edn. John Wiley and Sons., New York. pp. 68.
Haynes, R. J. (2014). A contemporary overview of silicon availability in agricultural soils. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 177: 831-44. doi:10.1002/jpln.201400202.
Jawahar, S., Jain, N., Suseendran, K., Kalaiyarasan, C. and Kanagarajan, R. (2015). Effect of silixol granules on silicon uptake, stem borer and leaf folder incidence in rice. Int. J. Curr. Res. Acad. Rev. 3: 168-74.
Kumar, R., Lal, J. K., Kumar, A., Agrawal, B. K. and Karmakar, S. (2014). Effect of different sources and levels of sulphur on yield, S uptake and protein content in rice and pea grown in sequence on an acid Alfisol. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 62: 140-43.
Kumar, R., Verma, K. K., Kumar, A., Kumar, P. and Yadav, L. K. (2018). Effect of levels and sources of sulphur on growth, yield, economics and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under partially reclaimed Sodic soil. The Pharma Innov. J. 7: 41-44.
Lavinsky, A. O., Detmann, K. C., Reis, J. V., Ávila, R. T., Sanglard, M. L., Pereira, L. F., Sanglard, L., Rodrigues, F. A., Araujo, W. L. and DaMatta, F. M. (2016). Silicon improves rice grain yield and photosynthesis specifically when supplied during the reproductive growth stage. J. Plant Physiol. 206: 125-32. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2016.09.010.
Ma, J. F., Yamaji, N., Mitani, N., Tamai, K., Konishi, S., Fujiwara, T. and Yano, M. (2007). An efflux transporter of silicon in rice. Nature 448 (7150): 209-212.
Malav, J. K., Ramani, V. P., Sajid, M. and Patel, K. (2016). Yield and nutrient content of rice as influenced by silicon and nitrogen application. Ann. Plant Soil Res. 18: 413-17.
Meena, M., Patel, M. V., Poonia, T. C., Meena, M. D. and Das, T. (2013). Effects of organic manures and nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of paddy grown in system of rice intensification technique under middle Gujarat conditions. Annals Agri. Bio. Res. 18: 141-45.
Metwally, T. F., Gewaily, E. E. and Naeem, S. S. (2011). Nitrogen response curve and nitrogen use efficiency of Egyptian hybrid rice. J. Agric. Res. Kafer El-Sheikh Univ, 37: 73-84.
Midde, S. K., Saravana Perumal, M., Murugan, G and Sudhagar, R. (2022). Performance of different sources of nitrogen under different establishment methods of rice (Oryza sativa). Crop Res. 57: 292-96.
Naveen Prasath, P., Stalin, P., Balasubramanian, A., Sudhagar Rao, G. B. and Sathiyamurthi, S. (2023). Studies on integrated plant nutrient supply system for maximizing the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Res. Crop. 24: 442-46.
Pati, S., Pal, B., Badole, S., Hazra, G. C. and Mandal, B. (2016). Effect of silicon fertilization on growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of rice. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 47: 284-90. doi:10.1080/00103624.2015.1122797.
Patil, A. A., Durgude, A. G., Pharande, A. L., Kadlag, A. D. and Nimbalkar, C. A. (2017). Effect of calcium silicate as a silicon source on growth and yield of rice plants. Int. J. Chem. Stud. 5: 545-49.
Prasad, R. (2005). Rice–wheat cropping systems. Adv. Agron. 86: 255-39. doi:10.1016/ S0065-2113 (05)86006-7.
Ram, A., Kumar, D., Singh, N. and Anand, A. (2014). Effect of sulphur on growth, productivity and economics of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa). Indian J. Agron. 59: 404-09.
Ramana, M. K. V., Reddy, D. S. and Prabhakara, R. G. (2012). Response of rice (Oryza sativa) varieties to graded levels of nitrogen under aerobic culture. Indian J. Agron. 57: 367-72. doi:10.59797/ija.v57i4.4648.
Ramírez-Olvera, S. M., Trejo-Téllez, L. I., Gómez-Merino, F. C., Ruíz-Posadas, L. D. M., Alcántar-González, E. G. and Saucedo-Veloz, C. (2021). Silicon stimulates plant growth and metabolism in rice plants under conventional and osmotic stress conditions. Plants 10: doi: 10.3390/plants10040777.
Rao, G. B., PI, P. Y. and Syriac, E. K. (2017). Silicon nutrition in rice: A review. J. Pharmacog. Phytochem. 6: 390-92.
Redda, A., Redae, W., Hailegebriel, K., Weldegerima, G., Tsegay, G., Yirgalem, T. and Hussien, S. (2022). Nitrogen fertilizer management factors affecting nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.): A Review. Asian J. Plant Soil Sci. 7: 1-22.
Singh, S. P., Ram, J. and Singh, N. (2000). Forms of sulphur in relation to soil characteristics in some soil series of Nagaland. J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ. 25: 3-8.
Singh, V., Raghuvansi, N., Singh, A. K., Kumar, V. and Yadav, R. A. (2017). Response of zinc and sulphur on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under sodic soil. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 6: 1870-79. doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.608.221.
Singh, V., Singh, V., Singh, S. and Khanna, R. (2020). Effect of zinc and silicon on growth and yield of aromatic rice (Oryza Sativa) in north-western plains of India. J. Rice Res. Dev. 3: 82-86. doi:10.36959/973/424.
Sorour, F. A., Ragab, A. Y., Metwally, T. F. and Shafik, A. A. (2016). Effect of planting methods and nitrogen fertilizer rates on the productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). J. Agric. Res. Kafr EL-Sheikh Univ. 42: 173-82.
Subramanian, E., Aathithyan, C., Raghavendran, V. B. and Vijayakumar, S. (2020). Optimization of nitrogen fertilization for aerobic rice (Oryza sativa). Indian J. Agron. 65: 180-84.
Yavarzadeh, M. R., Gavali, R. S. and Dhumal, K. N. (2008). Impact of soil application of fly ash on growth and yield of wheat. J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ. 33: 158-60.
Anonymous (2022). Annual report 2021-22. Area production and yield of principle crops, Agricultural Statistics at a Glance. Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Economics & Statistics Division, Government of India. pp.28.
Arthi, V., Sriramachandrasekharan, M. V., Manivannan, R. and Shakila, A. (2021). Enhancement of agronomic traits and yield of rice var. ADT 43 grown in typic ustifluvent soil through silicon fertilization. J. Appl. Nat. Sci. 13: 1052-58. doi:10.31018/jans.v13i3.2803.
Bin Rahman, A. R. and Zhang, J. (2023). Trends in rice research: 2030 and beyond. Food Energy Secur. 12: doi.org/10.1002/fes3.390.
Chaiwong, N., Rerkasem, B., Pusadee, T. and Prom‐u‐Thai, C. (2021). Silicon application improves caryopsis development and yield in rice. J. Sci. Food Agric. 101: 220-28. doi:10.1002/jsfa.10634.
Doruk, K. (2020). Effect of level and sources of sulphur on yield of rice. Int. J. Chem. Stud. 8: 1687-89. doi:10.22271/chemi.2020.v8i4q.9853.
Dubey, S. K., Tiwari, D. D., Pandey, S. B., Singh, U. N. and Katiyar, N. K. (2016). Effect of nitrogen, sulphur and zinc application on yield, nutrient uptake and quality of rice. Res. Crop. 17: 13-15.
Gerami, M., Fallah, A. and Moghadam, M. K. (2012). Study of potassium and sodium silicate on the morphological and chlorophyll content on the rice plant in pot experiment (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences (IJACS), 4(10), 658-661.
Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1994). Statistical procedures for agricultural research, 11th edn. John Wiley and Sons., New York. pp. 68.
Haynes, R. J. (2014). A contemporary overview of silicon availability in agricultural soils. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 177: 831-44. doi:10.1002/jpln.201400202.
Jawahar, S., Jain, N., Suseendran, K., Kalaiyarasan, C. and Kanagarajan, R. (2015). Effect of silixol granules on silicon uptake, stem borer and leaf folder incidence in rice. Int. J. Curr. Res. Acad. Rev. 3: 168-74.
Kumar, R., Lal, J. K., Kumar, A., Agrawal, B. K. and Karmakar, S. (2014). Effect of different sources and levels of sulphur on yield, S uptake and protein content in rice and pea grown in sequence on an acid Alfisol. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 62: 140-43.
Kumar, R., Verma, K. K., Kumar, A., Kumar, P. and Yadav, L. K. (2018). Effect of levels and sources of sulphur on growth, yield, economics and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under partially reclaimed Sodic soil. The Pharma Innov. J. 7: 41-44.
Lavinsky, A. O., Detmann, K. C., Reis, J. V., Ávila, R. T., Sanglard, M. L., Pereira, L. F., Sanglard, L., Rodrigues, F. A., Araujo, W. L. and DaMatta, F. M. (2016). Silicon improves rice grain yield and photosynthesis specifically when supplied during the reproductive growth stage. J. Plant Physiol. 206: 125-32. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2016.09.010.
Ma, J. F., Yamaji, N., Mitani, N., Tamai, K., Konishi, S., Fujiwara, T. and Yano, M. (2007). An efflux transporter of silicon in rice. Nature 448 (7150): 209-212.
Malav, J. K., Ramani, V. P., Sajid, M. and Patel, K. (2016). Yield and nutrient content of rice as influenced by silicon and nitrogen application. Ann. Plant Soil Res. 18: 413-17.
Meena, M., Patel, M. V., Poonia, T. C., Meena, M. D. and Das, T. (2013). Effects of organic manures and nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of paddy grown in system of rice intensification technique under middle Gujarat conditions. Annals Agri. Bio. Res. 18: 141-45.
Metwally, T. F., Gewaily, E. E. and Naeem, S. S. (2011). Nitrogen response curve and nitrogen use efficiency of Egyptian hybrid rice. J. Agric. Res. Kafer El-Sheikh Univ, 37: 73-84.
Midde, S. K., Saravana Perumal, M., Murugan, G and Sudhagar, R. (2022). Performance of different sources of nitrogen under different establishment methods of rice (Oryza sativa). Crop Res. 57: 292-96.
Naveen Prasath, P., Stalin, P., Balasubramanian, A., Sudhagar Rao, G. B. and Sathiyamurthi, S. (2023). Studies on integrated plant nutrient supply system for maximizing the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Res. Crop. 24: 442-46.
Pati, S., Pal, B., Badole, S., Hazra, G. C. and Mandal, B. (2016). Effect of silicon fertilization on growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of rice. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 47: 284-90. doi:10.1080/00103624.2015.1122797.
Patil, A. A., Durgude, A. G., Pharande, A. L., Kadlag, A. D. and Nimbalkar, C. A. (2017). Effect of calcium silicate as a silicon source on growth and yield of rice plants. Int. J. Chem. Stud. 5: 545-49.
Prasad, R. (2005). Rice–wheat cropping systems. Adv. Agron. 86: 255-39. doi:10.1016/ S0065-2113 (05)86006-7.
Ram, A., Kumar, D., Singh, N. and Anand, A. (2014). Effect of sulphur on growth, productivity and economics of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa). Indian J. Agron. 59: 404-09.
Ramana, M. K. V., Reddy, D. S. and Prabhakara, R. G. (2012). Response of rice (Oryza sativa) varieties to graded levels of nitrogen under aerobic culture. Indian J. Agron. 57: 367-72. doi:10.59797/ija.v57i4.4648.
Ramírez-Olvera, S. M., Trejo-Téllez, L. I., Gómez-Merino, F. C., Ruíz-Posadas, L. D. M., Alcántar-González, E. G. and Saucedo-Veloz, C. (2021). Silicon stimulates plant growth and metabolism in rice plants under conventional and osmotic stress conditions. Plants 10: doi: 10.3390/plants10040777.
Rao, G. B., PI, P. Y. and Syriac, E. K. (2017). Silicon nutrition in rice: A review. J. Pharmacog. Phytochem. 6: 390-92.
Redda, A., Redae, W., Hailegebriel, K., Weldegerima, G., Tsegay, G., Yirgalem, T. and Hussien, S. (2022). Nitrogen fertilizer management factors affecting nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.): A Review. Asian J. Plant Soil Sci. 7: 1-22.
Singh, S. P., Ram, J. and Singh, N. (2000). Forms of sulphur in relation to soil characteristics in some soil series of Nagaland. J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ. 25: 3-8.
Singh, V., Raghuvansi, N., Singh, A. K., Kumar, V. and Yadav, R. A. (2017). Response of zinc and sulphur on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under sodic soil. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 6: 1870-79. doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.608.221.
Singh, V., Singh, V., Singh, S. and Khanna, R. (2020). Effect of zinc and silicon on growth and yield of aromatic rice (Oryza Sativa) in north-western plains of India. J. Rice Res. Dev. 3: 82-86. doi:10.36959/973/424.
Sorour, F. A., Ragab, A. Y., Metwally, T. F. and Shafik, A. A. (2016). Effect of planting methods and nitrogen fertilizer rates on the productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). J. Agric. Res. Kafr EL-Sheikh Univ. 42: 173-82.
Subramanian, E., Aathithyan, C., Raghavendran, V. B. and Vijayakumar, S. (2020). Optimization of nitrogen fertilization for aerobic rice (Oryza sativa). Indian J. Agron. 65: 180-84.
Yavarzadeh, M. R., Gavali, R. S. and Dhumal, K. N. (2008). Impact of soil application of fly ash on growth and yield of wheat. J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ. 33: 158-60.
