Loading...

Application of in vitro techniques to eliminate mixed viral infections in pear cultivars


Citation :- Application of in vitro techniques to eliminate mixed viral infections in pear cultivars. Res. Crop. 26: 458-464
DINARA KALDYBAYEVA, RAIGUL ABDIKARIMOVA, BALNUR KABYLBEKOVA, ТIMUR TURDIYEV, ZARINA YUSSUPOVA, SATI TOKIBAYEV AND AIGUL MADENOVA madenova.a@mail.ru
Address : Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology Center, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Submitted Date : 3-08-2025
Accepted Date : 21-08-2025

Abstract

Viral diseases pose a serious threat to commercial horticulture, reducing crop yields, fruit quality, and the longevity of fruit trees. Pear (Pyrus communis L.) is susceptible to a variety of viral pathogens, among which Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), and Apple rubbery wood virus 1 (ARWV-1) were selected for this study due to their known latent nature and difficulty of early detection. Effective plant recovery from viruses is key to creating healthy planting material and implementing clonal micropropagation programs. This study evaluated the effectiveness of in vitro thermotherapy combined with meristem culture for virus elimination in pear cultivars: “Noyabrskaya” “Talgarskaya Krasavitsa”, “Anjou” and “Harrow Delight”. For each variety combination, two methods were tested: (1) direct cultivation of apical meristems and (2) preliminary thermotherapy followed by meristem isolation. Viral infection was diagnosed using a double antibody in the DAS-ELISA format and confirmed by real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR); the results of both methods were completely consistent. The combined approach resulted in significantly higher virus elimination rates (up to 85.7%) compared to the isolated meristem method (up to 50%). The highest recovery efficiency was recorded in the “Noyabrskaya” infected with two viruses (ApMV and ARWV-1). Despite the lower survival rate after thermotherapy, this method demonstrated high reliability in obtaining virus-free material. The results obtained confirm the feasibility of using in vitro thermotherapy in combination with meristem culture in the production of certified pear planting material.

Keywords

DAS-ELISA in vitro pear recovery RT-PCR viruses

References

Barba, M., Ilardi, V. and Pasquini, G. (2015). Control of pome and stone fruit virus diseases. In: Advances in Virus Research (Eds. Loebenstein, G. and Katis, N. I.). Academic Press, Cambridge, MA. pp: 47-83. doi:10.1016/bs.aivir.2014.11.001.
Bettoni, J. C., Mathew, L., Pathirana, R., Wiedow, C., Hunter, D. A., McLachlan, A., Khan, S., Tang, J. and Nadarajan, J. (2022). Eradication of potato virus S, A, and M from infected in vitro-grown potato shoots using in vitro therapies. Front. Plant Sci. 13: doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.878733.
Daunde, A. T., Khandare, V. S., Baghele, R. D. and Pawar, S. V. (2025). Integrated approach for the management of yellow mosaic virus disease in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Res. Crop. 26: 352-59.
Farhadi-Tooli, S., Ghanbari, A., Kermani, M. J., Zeinalabedini, M., Bettoni, J. C., Naji, A. M. and Kazemi, N. (2021). Droplet-vitrification cryotherapy and thermotherapy for eradication of ACLSV and ASGV from virus-infected quince in vitro cultures. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 162: 31-43.  doi:10.1007/s10658-021-02400-x.
Gul-Seker, M., Ekinci, H., Ozturk, C. and Elibuyuk, I. O. (2015). Current situation of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) in Antalya, Turkey. Plant Prot. Sci. 51: 208-13.  doi:10.17221/95/2014-PPS.
Hadidi, A. and Barba, M. (2011). Economic impact of pome and stone fruit viruses and viroids. In: Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Pome and Stone Fruits (Eds. Candresse, T. and Jelkmann, W.). APS Press, St. Paul, MN. pp. 1-7.  doi:10.1094/9780890545010.001.
Hesari, N., Mohammadi, A. H., Zarghami, R., Fakheri, B., Kiss-Bába, E., Szegő, A., Papp, I. and Mirmazloum, I. (2022). Eradication of PPV and PNRSV viruses from three peach cultivars using thermotherapy in vitro, including optimization of microshoots’ multiplication and rooting medium. Horticulturae 8 doi:10.3390/horticulturae8100929.
Hilaire, J., Tindale, S., Jones, G., Pingarron-Cardenas, G., Bacnik, K., Ojo, M. and Frewer, L. J. (2022). Risk perception associated with an emerging agri-food risk in Europe: Plant viruses in agriculture. Agric. Food Secur. 11: doi:10.1186/s40066-022-00366-5.
Hu, G., Dong, Y., Zhang, Z., Fan, X., Ren, F. and Zhou, J. (2015). Virus elimination from in vitro apple by thermotherapy combined with chemotherapy. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 121: 435-43.  doi:10.1007/s11240-015-0714-6.
Jones, R. A. C. and Naidu, R. A. (2019). Global dimensions of plant virus diseases: Current status and future perspectives. Annu. Rev. Virol. 6: 387-409. doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-092818-015606.
Kabylbekova, B., Nurseitova, T., Yussupova, Z., Turdiyev, T., Dolgikh, S., Soltanbekov, S., Seisenova, A. and Madenova, A. (2025). Application of in vitro techniques for elimination of Plum Pox Virus (PPV) and apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) in stone fruits. Horticulturae 11: doi:10.3390/horticulturae11060633.
Karimpour, S., Davarynejad, G., Zakiaghl, M. and Safarnejad, M. R. (2020). In vitro thermotherapy and thermo-chemotherapy approach to eliminate some viruses in Pyrus communis L. cv. ‘Natanz’. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 22: 1645-53.
Kazemi, N., Zaare-Nahandi, F., Habashi, A. A. and Dadpour, M. R.  (2020). Pyrus communis L. Iranian J. Hortic. Sci. 50: 983-92.  doi:10.22059/ijhs.2019.267056. 1516.
Kumar, S., Singh, L., Ram, R., Zaidi, A. A. and Hallan, V. (2014). Simultaneous detection of major pome fruit viruses and aviroid. Indian J. Microbiol. 54: 203-10.  doi:10.1007/s12088-013-0431-y.
Loebenstein, G. (2009). Plant virus diseases: Economic aspects. In: Desk Encyclopedia of Plant and Fungal Virology (Eds. van Regenmortel, M. and Mahy, B.). Academic Press, Oxford, UK. pp: 426-30.
Mandal, A., Mukherjee, A. and Bandyopadhyay, R. (2025). Plant virus disease management strategies: Conventional versus modern techniques. In: Detection and Management of New and Emerging Mystery Plant Virus Sources. Apple Academic Press. pp: 207-38.
Nickel, O. and Fajardo, T. V. M. (2021). Novas viroses diagnosticadas em macieiras no Brasil por sequenciamento de alto desempenho (HTS). Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, Brazil.
Pandya, R. P., Kapadiya, I. B., Patel, M. L. and Gadhiya, V. C. (2024). Chitosan applications in plant disease control: A mini review. Farm. Manage. 9: 92-101.
Sedlák, J., Paprštein, F., Svobodová, L. and Talácko, L. (2013). In vitro thermotherapy and chemotherapy of apple cultivar ‘Jarka’. Vědecké Práce Ovocnářské 23: 233-40.
Turdiev, T. T., Kovalchuk, I. Yu., Uspanova, G. K., Chukanova, N. I. and Frolov, S. N. (2023). Optimizatsiya tekhnologii klonal’nogo mikrovegetativnogo razmnozheniya dlya sokhraneniya genofonda rastenij grushi (Pyrus communis L.). (In Russian).
Umer, M., Liu, J., You, H., Xu, C., Dong, K., Luo, N., Kong, L., Li, X., Hong, N., Wang, G., Fan, X., Kotta-Loizou, I. and Xu, W. (2019). Genomic, morphological and biological traits of the viruses infecting major fruit trees. Viruses 11: doi:10.3390/v11060515.
Wang, M. R., Cui, Z. H., Li, J. W., Hao, X. Y., Zhao, L., Wang, Q. C. (2018). In vitro thermotherapy-based methods for plant virus eradication. Plant Methods 14 doi:10.1186/s13007-018-0355-y.
Zarghami, R. and Ahmadi, B. (2023). Production of plum pox virus-free and prunus necrotic ringspot virus-free regenerants using thermotherapy and meristem-tip culture in Prunus persica L. Erwerbs-Obstbau 65: 719-27.  doi:10.1007/s10341-022-00731-5.
 
 
 
 

Global Footprints