Effects of seed treatment compounds on physiological processes, yield dynamics and disease resistance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L) 


Citation :- Effects of seed treatment compounds on physiological processes, yield dynamics and disease resistance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L). Res. Crop. 26: 268-278
TATYANA IVANCHENKO AND IRINA IGOLNIKOVA ivanchenko-t@vfanc.ru
Address : Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences" (Federal Research Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences), 97 Universitetskiy Prospekt, 400062, Volgograd, Russia
Submitted Date : 24-03-2025
Accepted Date : 28-04-2025

Abstract

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) of the Compositaceae family thrives in arid regions and is a drought-tolerant alternative to sunflower. Its cultivation gains significance amid climate change. Modern plant protection integrates minerals, fulvic and humic acids, nutrients, bacteria, and bioactive extracts. Seed treatments with these formulations enhance resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, stimulate growth, and improve yield and quality, ensuring adaptability to challenging climatic conditions. This study aims to investigate the effects of applied compounds on safflower by analyzing physiological processes, yield dynamics, and disease resistance. The research was conducted from 2021 to 2023 in the dry steppe zone of the Lower Volga region at the experimental field of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Volgograd, Russia). The studies present the results of the effect of pre-sowing treatment using a chemical preparation -Heraklion (based on azoxystrobin 15 g/lg/L + tiram 400 g/lg/L + tebuconazole 25 g/lg/L); a chemical preparation- Heraklion (based on azoxystrobin 15 g/lg/L + tiram 400 g/lg/L + tebuconazole 25 g/lg/L). + Nanosilicon- biological preparation (based on mineral fertilizer with active silicon particles with a size of 0.005 microns, free of impurities -50%, iron- 6%, copper-1%, zinc- 0.5%); biological preparations- Geostim Fit Zh, Geostim Fit A (based on 8 species of living minerals microorganisms Chaetomium globosum, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus megaterium, Azospirillum brasilense, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Mesorhizobium ciceri, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Bacillus subtilis and their metabolites) + Gumel Lux (complex of humic and fulvic acids and chelated complex of micronutrients: N, P, K, S, B, Mo, Mn, Cu, Co, Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na). In the course of research, we found that the use of biological preparations led to a decrease in diseases and an increase in the yield of safflower. When applying these protection methods, we noted an improvement in the phytosanitary condition (root rot) of safflower plants by 53.7% (development) and 58.4% (spread) with biological protection and by 48.5% (development) and 52.9% (spread) with chemical protection. The increase in yield compared to the control (treated with water) is +42.6% (biological protection) and +1.5% (chemical protection).

Keywords

Biological yield pesticides. root rot seed treatment safflower

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