Abstract

Common bunt, Tilletia caries (D. C.), is one of the most significant biotic restraints in wheat production around the world. Using phytopathological and molecular methods, the identification of Bt-genes in 43 Kazakh and foreign winter wheat cultivars was carried out. The phytopathological evaluation of resistance to common bunt on an infectious background allowed selecting a number of resistant cultivars to T. caries (D. C.). The cultivars Ati, Bereny, Koros, Hajnal, Feny, Pilis, Petur, Szala, Vitorlás, Rege, Raba, Rozi, Akbiday, Azharly, Batyr, Bezostaya 1, Bulava and Almaly showed levels of resistance. Intermediate resistant cultivars: Bekes, Kalasz, Mentor, Goncol, Csillag, Garaboly, Alihan, Adyr, Altynshash, Arap, Bogurnaya 56, Botagoz and Derbes. Moderately susceptible cultivars were Tisza, Futar, Alatau, Aliya, Aktereksky, Ania and Daulet. The susceptible cultivars were Szemes, Akdan, Anara, Bayandy and Dana. Molecular screening of wheat samples for the presence of Bt9 and Bt10 resistance genes using microsatellite (SSR) markers FSD/RSA and Xgpw 7433 was carried out. Bt9 gene in four cultivars of wheat (Bereny, Petur, Raba and Akbiday) was detected, and Bt10 in seven cultivars (Ati, Bereny, Koros, Petur, Batyr, Almaly and Bezostaya 1) was identified. Because of phytopathological and molecular studies, common bunt resistance carriers of wheat cultivars Bereny, Petur, Raba Akbiday, Ati, Koros, Batyr, Almaly and Bezostaya 1 were identified. The most valuable donors of resistance to T. caries were the cultivars Bereny and Petur, in which two resistance genes (Bt9 and Bt10) were identified. The results for MAS-breeding to increase resistance to common bunt of wheat cultivars can be used.