Ali, O., Ramsubhag, A. and Jayaraman, J. (2021). Biostimulant properties of seaweed extracts in plants: implications towards sustainable crop production. Plants 10: doi:10.3390/ plants10030531.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (2000). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. 17th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Maryland, USA.
Biemelt, S., Tschiersch, H. and Sonnewald, U. (2004). Impact of altered gibberellin metabolism on biomass accumulation, lignin biosynthesis, and photosynthesis in transgenic tobacco plants. Plant Physiol. 135: 254-65. doi:10.1104/pp.103.036988.
Chen, D., Zhou, W., Yang, J., Ao, J., Huang, Y., Shen, D., Jiang, Y., Huang, Z. and Shen, H. (2021). Effects of seaweed extracts on the growth, physiological activity, cane yield and sucrose content of sugarcane in China. Front. Plant Sci. 12. doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.659130.
Dewi, Y., Yuniza, A., Sayuti, K. and Mahata, M. (2019). Fermentation of Sargassum binderi seaweed for lowering alognate content of feed in laying hens. J. World’s Poult. Res. 9: 147-53.
Edelmann, H. (2022). Plant root development: is the classical theory for auxin-regulated root growth false? Protoplasma 259: 823-32. doi:10.1007/s00709-021-01697-z.
Elumalai, L. and Rengasamay, R. (2012). Synergistic effect of seaweed manure and Bacillus sp. On growth and biochemical constituents of Vigna radiata L. J. Biofertil. Biopestici. 3: 1-7. doi:10.4172/2155-6202.1000121.
Ertani, A., Francioso, O., Tinti, A., Schiavon, M., Pizzeghello, D. and Nardi, S. (2018). Evaluation of seaweed extracts from Laminaria and Ascophyllum nodosum spp. as biostimulants in Zea mays L. using a combination of chemical, biochemical and morphological approaches. Front. Plant Sci. 9. doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00428.
Fatimah, S., Aliman, H. and Daud, N. (2018). The effect of seaweed extract (Sargassum sp) used as fertilizer on plant growth on Capsicum annuum (chili) and Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato). Indones. J. Sci Technol. 3: 115-23. doi:10.17509/ijost.v3i2.12755.
Garcia, I., Ledezma, A., Montaño, E., Leyva, J., Carrera, E. and Ruiz, I. (2020). Identification and quantification of plant growth regulators and antioxidant compounds in aqueous extracts of Padina durvillaei and Ulva lactuca. Agron, 10:.doi:10.3390/agronomy10060866.
Jan, R., Adnan, M., Hashem, A., Allah, E., Murad, W. and Kim, K. (2024). Indole acetic acid and gibberellic acid enhance physiological and biochemical performance of Jathropa curcas L. under waterlogging and drought stress. Pak. J. Bot. 56: 1-12. doi:10.30848/PJB2024-5(13).
Jumadi, O., Annisi, A., Djawad, Y., Bourgougnon, N., Amaliah, N., Asmawati, A., Manguntungi, A. and Inubushi, K. (2023). Brown algae (Sargassum sp.) extract prepared by indigenous microbe fermentation enhanced tomato germination parameters. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. 47: doi:10. 1016/j.bcab.2023.102601.
Kaviani, B. and Negahdar, N. (2014). Effects of soilless growing media and extracts of brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum on the growth of Robinia pseudoacacia. Iran. J. Plant Physiol. 4: 1129-36.
Liu, M., Zhang, Q., Jin, R., Zhao, P., Zhu, X., Wang, J., Yu, Y. and Tang, Z. (2023). The role of IAA in regulating root architecture of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] in response to potassium deficiency stress. Plants 12: doi:10.3390/plants12091779.
Mingpeng, W., Lei, C. and Peisheng, Y. (2016). Isolation of a novel alginate lyase-producing Bacillus litoralis strain and its potential to ferment Sargassum horneri for biofertilizer. Microbiologyopen 20: 1-12.
Mlinaric, S., Piskor, A., Melnjak, A., Mikuskas, A. Gajdosik, M. and Begovic, L. (2022). Antioxidant capacity and shelf life of radish microgreens affected by growth light and cultivars. Hortic. 9: doi:10.3390/horticulturae9010076.
Mousa, G., Abdel-Rahman, S., Abdul-Hafeez, E. and El-Sallamy, N. (2020). Salt tolerance of Ocimum basilicum Genovese using salicylic acid, seaweed, dry yeast and moringa leaf extract. Sci. J. Flowers Ornam. Plants 7: 131-51. doi:10.21608/sjfop.2020.100636.
Nurjannah, K., Amaliah, N., Junda, M., Iriany, N., Makkulawu, A., Karim, H., Azis, A., Djawad, Y. and Jumadi, O. (2021). The influence of fermented brown algae extract (Sargassum sp.) on corn plant growth (Zea mays). IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ Sci. 911: doi:10.1088/1755-1315/911/1/ 012051.
Olom, O. and Wei, Z. (2023). Effect of 3-indole acetic acid and gibberellic acid on growth and yield of alfalfa BC3 hybrid. App. Ecol. Environ. Res. 21: 4931-42. doi:10.15666/aeer/2105_ 49314942.
Park, C., Yeo, H., Park, Y., Morgan, A., Arasu, M., Al-Dhabi, N. and Park, S. (2017). Influence of indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid on phenylpropanoid accumulation in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) sprouts. Molecules 22: doi:10.3390/molecules22030374.
Qin, H., Wang, J., Zhou, J., Qiao, J., Li, Y., Quan, R. and Huang, R. (2022). Abscisic acid promotes auxin biosynthesis to inhibit primary root elongation in rice. Plant Physiol. 191: 1953-67. doi:10. 1093/plphys/kiac586.
Salam, U., Ullah, S., Tang, Z., Elateeq, A., Khan, Y., Khan, J., Khan, A. and Ali, S. (2023). Plant metabolomics: an overview of the role of primary and secondary metabolites against different environmental stress factors. Life 13: doi:10.3390/life13030706.
Shani, E., Weinstain, R., Zhang, Y., Castillejo, C., Kaiserli, E., Chory, J., Tsien, R., and Estelle, M. (2013). Gibberellins accumulate in the elongating endodermal cells of Arabidopsis root. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 110: 4834-39. doi:10.1073/pnas.1300436110.
Singh, N., Sharma, A., Rani, S. and Chaurasia, O. (2019). Vegetable microgreens farming in high-altitude region of trans-Himalayas to maintain nutritional diet of Indian troops. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci India Sect. B Biol. Sci. 90: 1-10. doi:10.1007/s40011-019-01147-0.
Wally, O., Critchley, A., Hiltz, D., Craigie, J., Han, X., Zaharia, L., Abrams, S. and Prithiviraj, B. (2013). Regulation of phytohormone biosynthesis and accumulation in Arabidopsis following treatment with commercial extract from the marine macroalga Ascophyllum nodosum. J. Plant Growth Regul. 32: 324-39. doi:10.1007/s00344-012-9301-9.
Wang, X., Li, J., Ban, L., Wu, Y., Wu, X., Wang, Y., Wen, H., Chapurin, V., Dzyubenko, N., Li, Z., Wang, Z. and Gao, H. (2017) Functional characterization of a gibberellin receptor and its application in alfalfa biomass improvement. Sci. Rep. 7: doi:10.1038/srep41296.
Xu, Y., Zhang, M., Zhai, B. and Li, S. (2009). Effects of nitrogen application on dry matter accumulation and translocation of different genotypes of summer maize. J. Plant Nutr. Fertil. 15: 786-92.
Yadav, A., Kumar, M., Bangar, S. and Siroha, A. (2025). Response of pre-harvest application of chemicals on physico-chemical properties of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) cv. Gola during storage. J. Food Meas. Charact. 19: 3600-612. doi:10.1007/s11694-025-03209-6.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (2000). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. 17th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Maryland, USA.
Biemelt, S., Tschiersch, H. and Sonnewald, U. (2004). Impact of altered gibberellin metabolism on biomass accumulation, lignin biosynthesis, and photosynthesis in transgenic tobacco plants. Plant Physiol. 135: 254-65. doi:10.1104/pp.103.036988.
Chen, D., Zhou, W., Yang, J., Ao, J., Huang, Y., Shen, D., Jiang, Y., Huang, Z. and Shen, H. (2021). Effects of seaweed extracts on the growth, physiological activity, cane yield and sucrose content of sugarcane in China. Front. Plant Sci. 12. doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.659130.
Dewi, Y., Yuniza, A., Sayuti, K. and Mahata, M. (2019). Fermentation of Sargassum binderi seaweed for lowering alognate content of feed in laying hens. J. World’s Poult. Res. 9: 147-53.
Edelmann, H. (2022). Plant root development: is the classical theory for auxin-regulated root growth false? Protoplasma 259: 823-32. doi:10.1007/s00709-021-01697-z.
Elumalai, L. and Rengasamay, R. (2012). Synergistic effect of seaweed manure and Bacillus sp. On growth and biochemical constituents of Vigna radiata L. J. Biofertil. Biopestici. 3: 1-7. doi:10.4172/2155-6202.1000121.
Ertani, A., Francioso, O., Tinti, A., Schiavon, M., Pizzeghello, D. and Nardi, S. (2018). Evaluation of seaweed extracts from Laminaria and Ascophyllum nodosum spp. as biostimulants in Zea mays L. using a combination of chemical, biochemical and morphological approaches. Front. Plant Sci. 9. doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00428.
Fatimah, S., Aliman, H. and Daud, N. (2018). The effect of seaweed extract (Sargassum sp) used as fertilizer on plant growth on Capsicum annuum (chili) and Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato). Indones. J. Sci Technol. 3: 115-23. doi:10.17509/ijost.v3i2.12755.
Garcia, I., Ledezma, A., Montaño, E., Leyva, J., Carrera, E. and Ruiz, I. (2020). Identification and quantification of plant growth regulators and antioxidant compounds in aqueous extracts of Padina durvillaei and Ulva lactuca. Agron, 10:.doi:10.3390/agronomy10060866.
Jan, R., Adnan, M., Hashem, A., Allah, E., Murad, W. and Kim, K. (2024). Indole acetic acid and gibberellic acid enhance physiological and biochemical performance of Jathropa curcas L. under waterlogging and drought stress. Pak. J. Bot. 56: 1-12. doi:10.30848/PJB2024-5(13).
Jumadi, O., Annisi, A., Djawad, Y., Bourgougnon, N., Amaliah, N., Asmawati, A., Manguntungi, A. and Inubushi, K. (2023). Brown algae (Sargassum sp.) extract prepared by indigenous microbe fermentation enhanced tomato germination parameters. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. 47: doi:10. 1016/j.bcab.2023.102601.
Kaviani, B. and Negahdar, N. (2014). Effects of soilless growing media and extracts of brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum on the growth of Robinia pseudoacacia. Iran. J. Plant Physiol. 4: 1129-36.
Liu, M., Zhang, Q., Jin, R., Zhao, P., Zhu, X., Wang, J., Yu, Y. and Tang, Z. (2023). The role of IAA in regulating root architecture of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] in response to potassium deficiency stress. Plants 12: doi:10.3390/plants12091779.
Mingpeng, W., Lei, C. and Peisheng, Y. (2016). Isolation of a novel alginate lyase-producing Bacillus litoralis strain and its potential to ferment Sargassum horneri for biofertilizer. Microbiologyopen 20: 1-12.
Mlinaric, S., Piskor, A., Melnjak, A., Mikuskas, A. Gajdosik, M. and Begovic, L. (2022). Antioxidant capacity and shelf life of radish microgreens affected by growth light and cultivars. Hortic. 9: doi:10.3390/horticulturae9010076.
Mousa, G., Abdel-Rahman, S., Abdul-Hafeez, E. and El-Sallamy, N. (2020). Salt tolerance of Ocimum basilicum Genovese using salicylic acid, seaweed, dry yeast and moringa leaf extract. Sci. J. Flowers Ornam. Plants 7: 131-51. doi:10.21608/sjfop.2020.100636.
Nurjannah, K., Amaliah, N., Junda, M., Iriany, N., Makkulawu, A., Karim, H., Azis, A., Djawad, Y. and Jumadi, O. (2021). The influence of fermented brown algae extract (Sargassum sp.) on corn plant growth (Zea mays). IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ Sci. 911: doi:10.1088/1755-1315/911/1/ 012051.
Olom, O. and Wei, Z. (2023). Effect of 3-indole acetic acid and gibberellic acid on growth and yield of alfalfa BC3 hybrid. App. Ecol. Environ. Res. 21: 4931-42. doi:10.15666/aeer/2105_ 49314942.
Park, C., Yeo, H., Park, Y., Morgan, A., Arasu, M., Al-Dhabi, N. and Park, S. (2017). Influence of indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid on phenylpropanoid accumulation in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) sprouts. Molecules 22: doi:10.3390/molecules22030374.
Qin, H., Wang, J., Zhou, J., Qiao, J., Li, Y., Quan, R. and Huang, R. (2022). Abscisic acid promotes auxin biosynthesis to inhibit primary root elongation in rice. Plant Physiol. 191: 1953-67. doi:10. 1093/plphys/kiac586.
Salam, U., Ullah, S., Tang, Z., Elateeq, A., Khan, Y., Khan, J., Khan, A. and Ali, S. (2023). Plant metabolomics: an overview of the role of primary and secondary metabolites against different environmental stress factors. Life 13: doi:10.3390/life13030706.
Shani, E., Weinstain, R., Zhang, Y., Castillejo, C., Kaiserli, E., Chory, J., Tsien, R., and Estelle, M. (2013). Gibberellins accumulate in the elongating endodermal cells of Arabidopsis root. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 110: 4834-39. doi:10.1073/pnas.1300436110.
Singh, N., Sharma, A., Rani, S. and Chaurasia, O. (2019). Vegetable microgreens farming in high-altitude region of trans-Himalayas to maintain nutritional diet of Indian troops. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci India Sect. B Biol. Sci. 90: 1-10. doi:10.1007/s40011-019-01147-0.
Wally, O., Critchley, A., Hiltz, D., Craigie, J., Han, X., Zaharia, L., Abrams, S. and Prithiviraj, B. (2013). Regulation of phytohormone biosynthesis and accumulation in Arabidopsis following treatment with commercial extract from the marine macroalga Ascophyllum nodosum. J. Plant Growth Regul. 32: 324-39. doi:10.1007/s00344-012-9301-9.
Wang, X., Li, J., Ban, L., Wu, Y., Wu, X., Wang, Y., Wen, H., Chapurin, V., Dzyubenko, N., Li, Z., Wang, Z. and Gao, H. (2017) Functional characterization of a gibberellin receptor and its application in alfalfa biomass improvement. Sci. Rep. 7: doi:10.1038/srep41296.
Xu, Y., Zhang, M., Zhai, B. and Li, S. (2009). Effects of nitrogen application on dry matter accumulation and translocation of different genotypes of summer maize. J. Plant Nutr. Fertil. 15: 786-92.
Yadav, A., Kumar, M., Bangar, S. and Siroha, A. (2025). Response of pre-harvest application of chemicals on physico-chemical properties of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) cv. Gola during storage. J. Food Meas. Charact. 19: 3600-612. doi:10.1007/s11694-025-03209-6.
