Ali, K. A., Noraldeen, S. S. and Yaseen, A. A. (2021). An evaluation study for chlorophyll estimation techniques. Sarhad J. Agric. 37: 1458-65.
Amoanimaa-Dede, H., C. Su, C., Yeboah, A., Zhou, H., Zheng, D. and Zhu, H. (2022). Growth regulators promote soybean productivity: A review. Peer J. 10: doi:10.7717/peerj.12556.
Band, L. R., Úbeda-Tomás, S., Dyson, R. J., Middleton, A. M., Hodgman, T. C., Owen, M. R., Jensen, O. E., Bennett, M. J. and King, J. R. (2012). Growth-induced hormone dilution can explain the dynamics of plant root cell elongation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109: 7577–82.
Bons, H. K. and Kaur, M. (2020). Role of plant growth regulators in improving fruit set, quality and yield of fruit crops: a review. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 95: 137-46.
Danilova, E. D., Efimova, M. V., Kolomeichuk, L. V. and Kuznetsov, V. V. (2020). Melatonin supports photochemical activity of assimilation apparatus and delays senescence of leaves of monocotyledonous plants. Dokl. Biochem. Biophys. 495: 271–75.
Dass, A., Rajanna, G. A., Babu, S., Lal, S. K., Choudhary, A. K., et al. and Kumar, B. (2022). Foliar Application of Macro-and Micronutrients Improves the Productivity, Economic Returns, and Resource-Use Efficiency of Soybean in a Semiarid Climate. Sustain. 14: doi:10.3390/su14105825.
Duan, Y., Wang, X., Jiao, Y., Liu, Y., Li, Y., et al. and Wang, S. (2024). Elucidating the role of exogenous melatonin in mitigating alkaline stress in soybeans across different growth stages: a transcriptomic and metabolomic approach. BMC Plant Biol. 24: doi:10.1186/s12870-024-05101-9.
DuBois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. A. and Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem. 28: 350–56. doi:10.1021/ac60111a017.
Gong, X.-W., Liu, C.-J., Feng, N.-J., Zheng, D.-F. and Wang, C. (2017). Effects of plant growth regulators S 3307 and DTA-6 on photosynthetic characteristics and yield in soybean canopy. Plant Physiol. J. 53: 1867-76.
Jaybhaye, S. G., Deshmukh, A. S., Chavhan, R. L., Patade, V. Y. and Hinge, V. R. (2024). GA3 and BAP phytohormone seed priming enhances germination and PEG induced drought stress tolerance in soybean by triggering the expression of osmolytes, antioxidant enzymes and related genes at the early seedling growth stages. Environ. Exp. Bot. 226: doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105870.
Kim, J. Y. and Seo, H. S. (2018). In vitro nitrate reductase activity assay from arabidopsis crude extracts. Bio-protocol 8: doi:10.21769/BioProtoc.2785.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Randall R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193: 265-75.
Manu, S. M., Halagalimath, S. P., Chandranath, H. T. and Biradar, B. D. (2021). Effect of plant-growth regulators and nutrient levels on productivity and nutrient uptake of soybean (Glycine max). Indian J. Agron. 66: 108 – 11.
Mehta, S., Jain, M. P. and Singh, S. (2015). Effect of nitrogen and plant growth regulators on yield and yield attributes of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] under late sown conditions. Ann. Agri Bio Res. 20: 167-70.
Pearce, R. B., Carlson, G. E., Barnes, D. K., Hart, R. H. and Hanson, C. H. (1969). Specific leaf weight and photosynthesis in alfalfa. Crop Sci. 9: 423-26.
Prusty, A. A., Behura, A. K., Prusti, A. M., Mohapatra, A. K. B., Panda, P. K., Mishra, I. O. P., Panigrahi, R. K. and Das, T. R. (2022). Effect of foliar application of nutrients and plant growth regulators on yield and yield attributing characters of greengram (Vigna radiata L.). 40: 1229–35.
Rogach, V. V, Kuryata, V. G., Kosakivska, I. V, Voitenko, L. V, Shcherbatyuk, M. M. and Rogach, T. I. (2022). Morphogenesis, pigment content, phytohormones and yield of tomatoes under the action of gibberellin and tebuconazole. Biosyst. Divers. 30: 150-56.
Sabagh, A. E. Mbarki, L. S., Hossain, A., Iqbal, M. A., Islam, M. S., et al. (35 authors) and Muhammad, F. (2021). Potential role of plant growth regulators in administering crucial processes against abiotic stresses. Front. Agron. 3: doi:10.3389/fagro.2021.648694.
Shehzad, M., Muhammad, S. M., Muhammad, N., Tahir, M., Maqbool, M., Nawaz, M. A., Javeed, H. M. R. and Al-Ghamdi, A. A. (2024). Evaluating the impact of phyto-hormones on the morpho-biochemical traits of soybean through seed treatment and foliar application. J. King Saud Univ. Sci. 36: doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103446.
Tu, B., Liu, C., Tian, B., Zhang, Q., Liu, X. and Herbert, S. J. (2017). Reduced abscisic acid content is responsible for enhanced sucrose accumulation by potassium nutrition in vegetable soybean seeds. J. Plant Res. 130: 551-58.
Voora, V., Bermúdez, S., Larrea, C. and Luna, E. (2024). Global market report: soybean prices and sustainability. Sustain. Commod. Marketpl. Ser-37. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/ 2024-02/2024-global-market-report-soybean.pdf.
Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Li, X., Jiang, Z. and Dong, S. (2025). Effects of DA-6 and MC on the growth, physiology, and yield characteristics of soybean. BMC Plant Biol. 25: doi:10.1186/s12870-025-06310-6.
Watson. (1947). Comparative physiological studies in the growth of field crops. I. Variation in net assimilation rate and leaf area between species and varieties, and within and between years. Ann. Bot. 11: 41–76.
Wavhale, M. and Salve, U. (2024). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth and yield of soybean. A. Q. J. Life Sci. 21: 83–84. doi:10.5958/0976-4755.2024. 00028.2.
Wilson, J. W. (1966). Effect of temperature on net assimilation rate. Ann. Bot. 30: 753 – 61.
Zhang, N., Xie, Y. D., Guo, H. J., Zhao, L. S., Xiong, H. C., et al. and Liu, L. X. (2016). Gibberellins regulate the stem elongation rate without affecting the mature plant height of a quick development mutant of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Physiol. Biochem. 107: 228–36.
Amoanimaa-Dede, H., C. Su, C., Yeboah, A., Zhou, H., Zheng, D. and Zhu, H. (2022). Growth regulators promote soybean productivity: A review. Peer J. 10: doi:10.7717/peerj.12556.
Band, L. R., Úbeda-Tomás, S., Dyson, R. J., Middleton, A. M., Hodgman, T. C., Owen, M. R., Jensen, O. E., Bennett, M. J. and King, J. R. (2012). Growth-induced hormone dilution can explain the dynamics of plant root cell elongation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109: 7577–82.
Bons, H. K. and Kaur, M. (2020). Role of plant growth regulators in improving fruit set, quality and yield of fruit crops: a review. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 95: 137-46.
Danilova, E. D., Efimova, M. V., Kolomeichuk, L. V. and Kuznetsov, V. V. (2020). Melatonin supports photochemical activity of assimilation apparatus and delays senescence of leaves of monocotyledonous plants. Dokl. Biochem. Biophys. 495: 271–75.
Dass, A., Rajanna, G. A., Babu, S., Lal, S. K., Choudhary, A. K., et al. and Kumar, B. (2022). Foliar Application of Macro-and Micronutrients Improves the Productivity, Economic Returns, and Resource-Use Efficiency of Soybean in a Semiarid Climate. Sustain. 14: doi:10.3390/su14105825.
Duan, Y., Wang, X., Jiao, Y., Liu, Y., Li, Y., et al. and Wang, S. (2024). Elucidating the role of exogenous melatonin in mitigating alkaline stress in soybeans across different growth stages: a transcriptomic and metabolomic approach. BMC Plant Biol. 24: doi:10.1186/s12870-024-05101-9.
DuBois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. A. and Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem. 28: 350–56. doi:10.1021/ac60111a017.
Gong, X.-W., Liu, C.-J., Feng, N.-J., Zheng, D.-F. and Wang, C. (2017). Effects of plant growth regulators S 3307 and DTA-6 on photosynthetic characteristics and yield in soybean canopy. Plant Physiol. J. 53: 1867-76.
Jaybhaye, S. G., Deshmukh, A. S., Chavhan, R. L., Patade, V. Y. and Hinge, V. R. (2024). GA3 and BAP phytohormone seed priming enhances germination and PEG induced drought stress tolerance in soybean by triggering the expression of osmolytes, antioxidant enzymes and related genes at the early seedling growth stages. Environ. Exp. Bot. 226: doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105870.
Kim, J. Y. and Seo, H. S. (2018). In vitro nitrate reductase activity assay from arabidopsis crude extracts. Bio-protocol 8: doi:10.21769/BioProtoc.2785.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Randall R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193: 265-75.
Manu, S. M., Halagalimath, S. P., Chandranath, H. T. and Biradar, B. D. (2021). Effect of plant-growth regulators and nutrient levels on productivity and nutrient uptake of soybean (Glycine max). Indian J. Agron. 66: 108 – 11.
Mehta, S., Jain, M. P. and Singh, S. (2015). Effect of nitrogen and plant growth regulators on yield and yield attributes of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] under late sown conditions. Ann. Agri Bio Res. 20: 167-70.
Pearce, R. B., Carlson, G. E., Barnes, D. K., Hart, R. H. and Hanson, C. H. (1969). Specific leaf weight and photosynthesis in alfalfa. Crop Sci. 9: 423-26.
Prusty, A. A., Behura, A. K., Prusti, A. M., Mohapatra, A. K. B., Panda, P. K., Mishra, I. O. P., Panigrahi, R. K. and Das, T. R. (2022). Effect of foliar application of nutrients and plant growth regulators on yield and yield attributing characters of greengram (Vigna radiata L.). 40: 1229–35.
Rogach, V. V, Kuryata, V. G., Kosakivska, I. V, Voitenko, L. V, Shcherbatyuk, M. M. and Rogach, T. I. (2022). Morphogenesis, pigment content, phytohormones and yield of tomatoes under the action of gibberellin and tebuconazole. Biosyst. Divers. 30: 150-56.
Sabagh, A. E. Mbarki, L. S., Hossain, A., Iqbal, M. A., Islam, M. S., et al. (35 authors) and Muhammad, F. (2021). Potential role of plant growth regulators in administering crucial processes against abiotic stresses. Front. Agron. 3: doi:10.3389/fagro.2021.648694.
Shehzad, M., Muhammad, S. M., Muhammad, N., Tahir, M., Maqbool, M., Nawaz, M. A., Javeed, H. M. R. and Al-Ghamdi, A. A. (2024). Evaluating the impact of phyto-hormones on the morpho-biochemical traits of soybean through seed treatment and foliar application. J. King Saud Univ. Sci. 36: doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103446.
Tu, B., Liu, C., Tian, B., Zhang, Q., Liu, X. and Herbert, S. J. (2017). Reduced abscisic acid content is responsible for enhanced sucrose accumulation by potassium nutrition in vegetable soybean seeds. J. Plant Res. 130: 551-58.
Voora, V., Bermúdez, S., Larrea, C. and Luna, E. (2024). Global market report: soybean prices and sustainability. Sustain. Commod. Marketpl. Ser-37. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/ 2024-02/2024-global-market-report-soybean.pdf.
Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Li, X., Jiang, Z. and Dong, S. (2025). Effects of DA-6 and MC on the growth, physiology, and yield characteristics of soybean. BMC Plant Biol. 25: doi:10.1186/s12870-025-06310-6.
Watson. (1947). Comparative physiological studies in the growth of field crops. I. Variation in net assimilation rate and leaf area between species and varieties, and within and between years. Ann. Bot. 11: 41–76.
Wavhale, M. and Salve, U. (2024). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth and yield of soybean. A. Q. J. Life Sci. 21: 83–84. doi:10.5958/0976-4755.2024. 00028.2.
Wilson, J. W. (1966). Effect of temperature on net assimilation rate. Ann. Bot. 30: 753 – 61.
Zhang, N., Xie, Y. D., Guo, H. J., Zhao, L. S., Xiong, H. C., et al. and Liu, L. X. (2016). Gibberellins regulate the stem elongation rate without affecting the mature plant height of a quick development mutant of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Physiol. Biochem. 107: 228–36.
