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Crop Research

Influence of herbicide application on weed competition, growth and yield traits in different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties


DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2026.CR-1078    | Article Id: CR-1078 | Page : 29-36
Citation :- Influence of herbicide application on weed competition, growth and yield traits in different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. Crop Res. 61: 29-36
AHMED SAEED JASSIM AND SUHAD MATHKOOR A. SAFI suhadsafi7@gmail.com
Address : Field Crops Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Submitted Date : 4-10-2025
Accepted Date : 5-01-2026
Online Published:

Abstract

Weeds are major biological constraints to crop productivity, competing with crops for nutrients, light, and water. Wheat is particularly vulnerable to weed interference during its early growth stages, leading to considerable yield reductions. Herbicides are widely adopted as an effective and economical means of weed management, reducing dependence on manual labour.  Therefore,  this experiments aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various herbicides in controlling weeds that accompany different wheat varieties. Two field experiments were conducted in the Babylon Governorate, specifically within the Babylon Agriculture Directorate and the Alexandria Agriculture Division in the Muwailhah District, Iraq during the winter seasons of 2023-2024 and 2024-2025.  The study was implemented as a factorial experiment, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, with factor 1 comprising of 4 varieties (Sham 6, Mowadah, Buhuth 22,  Gorcki).  The  factor 2 was the combination of newer weedicided viz., Tarzek @ 90 g/ha, Timeline Trio @ 1.5 g/ha, and compared with weedy check. The results showed that the herbicide Tarzak outperformed the other herbicides, achieving the best results as evidenced by the lowest average weed density after 30 days of application, which were 20.97 and 19.96 plants/m2. Additionally, it recorded the highest average control percentages, reaching 90.77% and 91.55% for the two growing seasons, respectively. The superiority in these traits was reflected in improving the crop performance, yielding the highest average flag leaf area (47.58 and 47.51 cm2),  the highest number of tillers (397.2 and 401.9 tillers/m2), and the highest grain yield compared to the control treatment, which recorded the lowest averages for the two growing seasons. The variety Mowadah was superior, showing the best results, as it achieved the lowest average weed density 30 days after application, the highest average flag leaf area, the highest number of tillers, and the highest grain yield. In conclusion, Tarzk combined with the Mowadah variety, achieved optimal results in reducing weed density and providing superior growth characteristics and yield.

Keywords

Flag leaf area grain yield herbicides varieties wheat

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