Al-Zubade, A. and Al-Ubori, R. N. (2024). Impact of nano-potassium foliar application on bread wheat cultivars for enhanced sustainable production. Res. Crop. 25: 388-93.
Attri, A., Sharma, N., Mehta, S. and Mecarty, J. S. (2023). Effects of seedling dipping and foliar application of nano DAP on growth, yield and economics of fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). Bangladesh J. Bot. 52: 1025–31. doi:10.3329/bjb.v52i4.70589.
Balachandrakumar, V. K., Sowmiya, M., Shofiya, K., Gopika and Nithika, M. (2024). Impact of nano DAP and Zn EDTA on cowpea growth and yield. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 36: 317–26. doi:10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64634.
Borana, H., Singh, I., Verma, J. R., Kumhar, B. L., Dev, P. and Ram, P. (2024). Effect of nano fertilizers on growth and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Biol. Forum Int. J. 16: 284–89.
Chen, P. Z., Li, Y., Zhang, X., Xiong, Y., Huang, Q., Jin, S., Sun, S. and Chi, D. (2022). Effects of lignite bioorganic product on maize growth, water and nitrogen productivity in saline- sodic farmlands in Northwest China. Agric. Water Manag. 12: 271-320.
DA and FW (2023). Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (DA and FW), New Delhi. https://agriewlfare.gov.in/.
Elamin, E. A., El Tiblib, M. A. and El Gaziri, M. M. E. (2016). Nitrogen fertilization and CaCO₃ interaction on corn (Zea mays L.) grain and dry matter yields and their residual effects on Al-Marj soil, Libya. Ann. Arid Zone 44: 1–7.
Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
Hussain, Q., Rashid, M., Hayat, R., Ahmad, M., Azeem, M., Alvi, S. and Rehman, O. U. (2023). Deashed biochar as N-carrier extended the N-release by inhibiting N-losses in calcareous soils. Biomass Convers. Biorefin. 13: 9549–64. doi:10.1007/s13399-023-04250-5.
IFFCO (2023). World’s first Nano-DAP (Liquid) fertilizer dedicated to the nation. Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited. https://www.iffco.in/en/world-s-first-nano-DAP-liquid-fertiliser-dedicated-to-the-nation.
Jackson, M. L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, India. pp: 498.
Jiang, Y., Tian, S., Sun, J. and Wang, Y. (2019). Characteristics of yield and harvest index and their relationship with nutrient uptake in maize. Agronomy 9: 310-15.
Kanwal, A., Sharma, I., Singh, R. and Rana, M. K. (2024). Nanotechnology for sustainability of agriculture and environment: Green synthesis and application of nanoparticles – A review. Res. Crop. 25: 578-91.
Keerthana, S., Rajavel, M., Senthil, A., Prasanthrajan, M. and Sivakumar, V. (2024). Physiological evaluation of nano DAP on growth and yield of tomato. Plant Sci. Today 11: 1–10.
Khemshetty, A., Patil, D. H., Pandit, S., Rathod, C., Patil, A. S. and Basavaraj, K. (2023). Studies on Nano DAP on growth, yield and quality of chickpeas under rainfed conditions of North Eastern dry zone of Karnataka. J. Exp. Agric. Int. 46: 139–45.
Kiran, A. S., Kumar, K. V., Devi, M. U., Naik, B. B. and Triveni, S. (2022). Effect of drip fertigation of nitrogen, potassium and microbial consortium on growth, yield, water productivity and economics of Rabi maize (Zea mays L.). Int. J. Bioresour. Stress Manag. 13: 1029–39.
Mahalakshmi, Mohan, C., Shyamrao, K., Vishwanatha, S. and Umesh, B. (2024). Effect of nano DAP on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). Int. J. Res. Agron. 7: 344–48.
Mahmud, A. A., Yahaya, S. M., Dhaked, G. S., Jain, D. and Bhojiya, A. A. (2022). Impacts of NPK consortia biofertilizer and mineral fertilizer on growth and yield of two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in Rajasthan, India. Diyala Agric. Sci. J. 2: 100-17.
Maloth, A., Thatikunta, R., Parida, B. K., Naik, D. S. and Varma, N. R. G. (2023). Evaluation of Nano-DAP on plant growth, enzymatic activity and yield in paddy (Oryza sativa L.). Int. J. Environ. Clim. Change 14: 890–97. doi:10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i13907.
Olsen, S. R., Cole, C. V., Watanabe, F. S. and Dean, L. A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular 939.
Panda, J., Nandi, A., Mishra, S. P., Pal, A. K., Pattnaik, A. K. and Jena, N. K. (2020). Effects of nano fertilizer on yield, yield attributes and economics in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 9: 2583-91. doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2020.905.295.
Prasad, R., Tanotra, D. and Kumar, S. (2022). Physiological parameters, leaf area, leaf area index, crop growth rate and relative growth rate of maize grown under different locations and different farming practices in Himachal Pradesh. Himachal J. Agric. Res. 47: 198-205.
Rajpurohit, D., Solanki, N. S., Mathur, I. J., Pareek, V., Tyagi, S., Jaiswani, S., Champawat, T. S., Rashmi, B. R. and Prakash, C. M. (2023). Effect of nano phosphorus fertilizers on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in central dry zone of Karnataka. Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 57: 286–93.
Ram, L. C., Nishant, A. E., Srivastava, K., Sangeet, K., Awadhesh, J., Sinha, K., Reginald, E., Masto, A. and Selvi, V. A. (2007). Management of lignite fly ash for improving soil fertility and crop productivity. Environ. Manag. 40: 438–52. doi:10.1007/s00267-006-0126-9.
Roy, D., Sengupta, K., Mondal, R., Gunri, S. K., Ali, O. and Madhu, H. S. (2023). Effect of nano-fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of summer hybrid maize (Zea mays L.). Int. J. Bioresour. Stress Manag. 14:1321-30.
Sairam, M., Maitra, S., Ray, S., Maity, B. and Pradhan, P. (2025). Influence of need-based nutrient management on yield and nutrient use efficiency of Rabi maize (Zea mays L.) under sandy loam soils of Odisha, India. Farm. Manage. 10: 11-19.
Shukla, G., Tyagi, A., Singh, D., Gaurav, S. S. and Singh, A. (2025). Zinc nano particles for enhancing salinity stress resilience in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Crop Res. 60: 103-10.
Singh, D., Yadav, A., Tiwari, H., Singh, A. K., Singh, S., Yadav, R. D., Gangwar, P. and Sachan, D. S. (2023). Nitrogen management through nano urea and conventional urea and its effect on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 35: 1466–73.
Subbiah, B. V. and Asija, G. L. (1956). A rapid procedure for the estimation of available nitrogen in soils. Curr. Sci. 25: 259–60.
Thakur, D., Kumar, N., Manuja, S., Hetta, G., Mridula, A., Chakraborty, M., Kumari, P. and Saqib, A. (2024). Effect of foliar spray of nano DAP on growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Himachal J. Agric. Res. 50: 284–90.
Walkley, A. and Black, C. A. (1934). Estimation of organic carbon by chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37: 29–38.
Attri, A., Sharma, N., Mehta, S. and Mecarty, J. S. (2023). Effects of seedling dipping and foliar application of nano DAP on growth, yield and economics of fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). Bangladesh J. Bot. 52: 1025–31. doi:10.3329/bjb.v52i4.70589.
Balachandrakumar, V. K., Sowmiya, M., Shofiya, K., Gopika and Nithika, M. (2024). Impact of nano DAP and Zn EDTA on cowpea growth and yield. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 36: 317–26. doi:10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64634.
Borana, H., Singh, I., Verma, J. R., Kumhar, B. L., Dev, P. and Ram, P. (2024). Effect of nano fertilizers on growth and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Biol. Forum Int. J. 16: 284–89.
Chen, P. Z., Li, Y., Zhang, X., Xiong, Y., Huang, Q., Jin, S., Sun, S. and Chi, D. (2022). Effects of lignite bioorganic product on maize growth, water and nitrogen productivity in saline- sodic farmlands in Northwest China. Agric. Water Manag. 12: 271-320.
DA and FW (2023). Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (DA and FW), New Delhi. https://agriewlfare.gov.in/.
Elamin, E. A., El Tiblib, M. A. and El Gaziri, M. M. E. (2016). Nitrogen fertilization and CaCO₃ interaction on corn (Zea mays L.) grain and dry matter yields and their residual effects on Al-Marj soil, Libya. Ann. Arid Zone 44: 1–7.
Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
Hussain, Q., Rashid, M., Hayat, R., Ahmad, M., Azeem, M., Alvi, S. and Rehman, O. U. (2023). Deashed biochar as N-carrier extended the N-release by inhibiting N-losses in calcareous soils. Biomass Convers. Biorefin. 13: 9549–64. doi:10.1007/s13399-023-04250-5.
IFFCO (2023). World’s first Nano-DAP (Liquid) fertilizer dedicated to the nation. Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited. https://www.iffco.in/en/world-s-first-nano-DAP-liquid-fertiliser-dedicated-to-the-nation.
Jackson, M. L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, India. pp: 498.
Jiang, Y., Tian, S., Sun, J. and Wang, Y. (2019). Characteristics of yield and harvest index and their relationship with nutrient uptake in maize. Agronomy 9: 310-15.
Kanwal, A., Sharma, I., Singh, R. and Rana, M. K. (2024). Nanotechnology for sustainability of agriculture and environment: Green synthesis and application of nanoparticles – A review. Res. Crop. 25: 578-91.
Keerthana, S., Rajavel, M., Senthil, A., Prasanthrajan, M. and Sivakumar, V. (2024). Physiological evaluation of nano DAP on growth and yield of tomato. Plant Sci. Today 11: 1–10.
Khemshetty, A., Patil, D. H., Pandit, S., Rathod, C., Patil, A. S. and Basavaraj, K. (2023). Studies on Nano DAP on growth, yield and quality of chickpeas under rainfed conditions of North Eastern dry zone of Karnataka. J. Exp. Agric. Int. 46: 139–45.
Kiran, A. S., Kumar, K. V., Devi, M. U., Naik, B. B. and Triveni, S. (2022). Effect of drip fertigation of nitrogen, potassium and microbial consortium on growth, yield, water productivity and economics of Rabi maize (Zea mays L.). Int. J. Bioresour. Stress Manag. 13: 1029–39.
Mahalakshmi, Mohan, C., Shyamrao, K., Vishwanatha, S. and Umesh, B. (2024). Effect of nano DAP on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). Int. J. Res. Agron. 7: 344–48.
Mahmud, A. A., Yahaya, S. M., Dhaked, G. S., Jain, D. and Bhojiya, A. A. (2022). Impacts of NPK consortia biofertilizer and mineral fertilizer on growth and yield of two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in Rajasthan, India. Diyala Agric. Sci. J. 2: 100-17.
Maloth, A., Thatikunta, R., Parida, B. K., Naik, D. S. and Varma, N. R. G. (2023). Evaluation of Nano-DAP on plant growth, enzymatic activity and yield in paddy (Oryza sativa L.). Int. J. Environ. Clim. Change 14: 890–97. doi:10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i13907.
Olsen, S. R., Cole, C. V., Watanabe, F. S. and Dean, L. A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular 939.
Panda, J., Nandi, A., Mishra, S. P., Pal, A. K., Pattnaik, A. K. and Jena, N. K. (2020). Effects of nano fertilizer on yield, yield attributes and economics in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 9: 2583-91. doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2020.905.295.
Prasad, R., Tanotra, D. and Kumar, S. (2022). Physiological parameters, leaf area, leaf area index, crop growth rate and relative growth rate of maize grown under different locations and different farming practices in Himachal Pradesh. Himachal J. Agric. Res. 47: 198-205.
Rajpurohit, D., Solanki, N. S., Mathur, I. J., Pareek, V., Tyagi, S., Jaiswani, S., Champawat, T. S., Rashmi, B. R. and Prakash, C. M. (2023). Effect of nano phosphorus fertilizers on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in central dry zone of Karnataka. Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 57: 286–93.
Ram, L. C., Nishant, A. E., Srivastava, K., Sangeet, K., Awadhesh, J., Sinha, K., Reginald, E., Masto, A. and Selvi, V. A. (2007). Management of lignite fly ash for improving soil fertility and crop productivity. Environ. Manag. 40: 438–52. doi:10.1007/s00267-006-0126-9.
Roy, D., Sengupta, K., Mondal, R., Gunri, S. K., Ali, O. and Madhu, H. S. (2023). Effect of nano-fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of summer hybrid maize (Zea mays L.). Int. J. Bioresour. Stress Manag. 14:1321-30.
Sairam, M., Maitra, S., Ray, S., Maity, B. and Pradhan, P. (2025). Influence of need-based nutrient management on yield and nutrient use efficiency of Rabi maize (Zea mays L.) under sandy loam soils of Odisha, India. Farm. Manage. 10: 11-19.
Shukla, G., Tyagi, A., Singh, D., Gaurav, S. S. and Singh, A. (2025). Zinc nano particles for enhancing salinity stress resilience in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Crop Res. 60: 103-10.
Singh, D., Yadav, A., Tiwari, H., Singh, A. K., Singh, S., Yadav, R. D., Gangwar, P. and Sachan, D. S. (2023). Nitrogen management through nano urea and conventional urea and its effect on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 35: 1466–73.
Subbiah, B. V. and Asija, G. L. (1956). A rapid procedure for the estimation of available nitrogen in soils. Curr. Sci. 25: 259–60.
Thakur, D., Kumar, N., Manuja, S., Hetta, G., Mridula, A., Chakraborty, M., Kumari, P. and Saqib, A. (2024). Effect of foliar spray of nano DAP on growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Himachal J. Agric. Res. 50: 284–90.
Walkley, A. and Black, C. A. (1934). Estimation of organic carbon by chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37: 29–38.
