Abstract

The article dealt with studies that indicated the influence of genetics and environmental factors under the current environmental variables, which are the main motive for researchers to find new genetic sources tolerant of those changes in order to reach an ideal yield for the crop. The aspects addressed in the article through previous studies that mentioned the factors that limit wheat productivity, which is the environmental aspect represented by biotic and abiotic factors (drought, salts, heat, pathogens and microorganisms) through many studies that have proven to have an impact on on wheat growth and production, whether these effects were on the root system or the vegetative total, all studies confirmed that they have a significant impact on the yield of the crop, despite the knowledge of the genetic history of the cultivated variety. The future environmental impact of agriculture on the looming threat to yield sustainability comes from climate change-induced fluctuations in weather patterns because severe weather events cause serious damage to crop production. Future practical strategies aim to study and know (genotype, environment, phenological traits, GWAS and QTL mapping) to increase crop productivity thus meeting the demand of a growing population. Breeding and genetic modification are very important techniques when it comes to improving wheat production under changing environment pressures because the world is witnessing an increase in population and therefore needs food under changing climatic conditions and declining cultivated areas. The method of measuring the quantity of yield was mentioned by weighing 1000 grains or in units of measurement of kilograms per hectare.