Abstract

When growing potato regenerants in vitro fluorescent or sodium lamps are most often used as light sources. This is due to significant energy consumption and limited spectral capabilities of these light sources. Therefore, research was aimed to study the growth anddevelopment of meristem potato plants in vitro using LEDs of different technical design as light sources and to find out lights that can contribute to the most efficient plant growth and development. The research was conducted during April and May 2021, at the Laboratory of Biotechnology of Agricultural Plants of the Samara Scientific Research Agriculture Institute named after N.M. Tulajkov, Branch of the SamSC RAS, Bezenchuk vill., Russia, using meristem potato var. Rosara, Arosa and Riviera. The explants were cultivated on a Murashige-Skoog growing medium for 30 days using various LED artificial illumination sources with a 16-hour light period, an air temperature of 22- 24 °C, and a relative air humidity of 70-75%. After 10, 20 and 30 days of cultivation, the plant length and the number of internodes were measured. A positive effect on plants of LED lights was revealedduring in vitro propagation. The most developed regenerants with a high number of internodes were obtained using LED lamps UnielA60 10W, UnielA60 16W, T8-phyto, and Era FITO. On averagefor three studied varieties after 30 days of cultivation, regenerants with the maximum length were those, which were grown under illumination with T8-phyto and Era FITO lamps that mean variants with the highest level of photosynthetic photon flux of 21.8 μmol/sand 32.4 μmol/s and a wavelength of 450-650 nm. It was shown that the lighting conditionshad the greatest impact on potato growth in the period from 10th to 30th days of cultivation.Different variety reactions to changes in light regime were detected.