Abstract

Environmentally friendly products are in great demand. For this it is possible to use the microbiological fertilizer. It is a six-component liquid fertilizer containing microorganisms: Derxia spp., Azotobacter chroococcum Azotobacter vinelandi, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus megaterium. It contains bacteria that fix nitrogen, has an antagonistic effect against phytopathogenic fungi, stimulates the natural immunity of plants. The use of microbiological fertilizers helps to reduce the negative effects ofclimate change and increases the resistance of potato plants to stress factors. Microbiological fertilizer Slavol has a wide spectrum of action: the number of stems increases on average for varieties by 32.6%, the height of plants increases by 10.8%, the total area of the leaf apparatus increases by 32.9%, the development of Alternaria decreases by 72.2%, the yield of early varieties of potatoes increases by 12.3% on average in the Belgorod region. At present, agriculture uses intensive cultivation technologies that allow for high yields. Mineral fertilizers, pesticides are used in large quantities, and therefore the ecology is deteriorating. Microbiological fertilizers can be used to reduce the agrochemical load on the soil and improve the ecological situation in agricultural technologies.The aim of our work was to study the microbiological fertilizer Slavol, which has a wide spectrum of action on early potato varieties, and its effect on productivity. The work was carried out at the site of the research and production laboratory for the study of farming systems of the Belgorod State Agrarian University, Russia (Latitude: 50 ° 31́11̋ N, Longitude: 36 ° 27́3̋ E, Elevation: 180 m). The soil of the experimental plot isleached black earth, medium-thick, medium-loamy. The following varieties wereused:1) Luck, 2) Bryansk delicacy, 3) Red Scarlet, 4) Early Zhukovsky, 5) Meteor, 6) Riviera. Options: control and treatment with microbiological fertilizer Slavol (treatment oftubers before planting. Planting took place on May 3, harvesting on July 15. The experiments were repeated 3 times. Variants in the trial were randomized. The area of one experimental plotis 25 m2. Planting scheme - 70 Ñ 35 cm. Standing density of 46.7 thousandplants per hectare. During the planting, the planting material of themiddle fraction (40… 80 g), elite was used. The cultivation technology is standard. The data were processed by themethod of statistical analysis. According to our research, the microbiological fertilizer Slavol has a wide spectrum of action, as evidenced by anincrease in the number of stems on average for varieties by 32.6%, plant height by 10.8%,the total area of the leaf apparatus by 32.9%, a decrease in the development of Alternaria by 72.2 and, as a consequence, an increase in the yield of early potato varieties by anaverage of 12.3% in the Belgorod region. The use of microbiological fertilizers will reduce or replace the use of chemical compounds.