Abstract

Based on this, a three-year study was conducted from 2016 to 2018 at Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Vegetable Center”, Moscow, Russia to evaluate the total accumulation of protein, oil and monosaccharides as the main macro components in the stage of technical (R6) and biological (R8) ripeness of vegetable soybean seeds which are directly used for food. The content of protein, fats and monosaccharides in the R6-stage of vegetable forms of soybeans were 29.4%, 10.5% and 15.6%, respectively, while their protein content and oil content were 9.5% and 51.4% in grain varieties, as well as the content of monosaccharides in vegetable forms exceeded the same indicator in grain varieties by 29.1% (in relative values). During the transition of plants from the R6 to R8-stage, an increase in the accumulation of all macro components were observed, however, it was not the same in breeding varieties. In the R8-stage, the accumulation of protein, fat and sugars in vegetable soybeans were 45.9%, 15.6%, 18.6%, respectively; at the same time, the content of protein and monosaccharides in the grain varieties exceeded by 15.7% and 20.4% (in relative values), respectively, and the oil content of seeds was less by 22.0% (in relative values). It could be concluded that vegetable-type of soybean has other patterns of accumulation of the macro components in the seeds, different from the grain-type varieties of soybean in the Central region of the Non-chernozem zone of Russia.