Anu Lavanya, G. and Ganapathy, M. (2011). Effect of DAP, NAA and residual effect of inorganic fertilizers and organic manures on growth and yield of greengram in rice based cropping sequence. J. Agric. Technol. 7: 599–604.
Bahr, A. A. (2007). Effect of plant density and urea foliar application on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Res. J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 3: 220–23.
Balachandran, D. and Nagarajan, P. (2002). Dual inoculation of Rhizobium and phosphobacteria with phosphorus on black gram cv. Vamban 1. Madras Agric. J. 89: 691-96.
Balaji, E., Kumar, D. and Srinithan, T. (2021). Evaluation of different organic nutrient solutions on the growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) under irrigated condition. Crop Res. 56: 183-85.
Balusamy, M. and Meyyazhagan, N. (2000). Foliar nutrition to pulse crop. Training Manual on Recent Advances in Pulses Production Technology, CASA, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. pp. 113–15.
Basavarajappa, R., Salakinkop, S. R., Hebbar, M., Basavarajappa, M. P. and Patil, H. Y. (2013). Influence of foliar nutrition on performance of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.), nutrient uptake and economics under dry land ecosystems. Legume Res. 36: 422–28.
Bhoopathi, M. (2012, January 15). TNAU develops a pulse wonder to increase production | Coimbatore News—Times of India. The Times of India. https://timesofindia. indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/tnau-develops-a-pulse-wonder-to-increase-production/ articleshow/11491992.cms.
Bhowmick, M. K., Aich, A., Aich, S. S., Shrivastava, M. P., Gupta, S. and Man, G. C. (2005). Crop diversification through paira (utera) cropping with rabi pulses. SATSA Mukhapatra-Annual Technical 9: 43–60.
Biswas, P. K., Bhowmick, M. K. and Bhattacharya, A. (2009). Effect of molybdenum and seed inoculation on nodulation, growth and yield in urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. J. Crop Weed 5: 141–44.
Chandrasekhar, C. N. and Bangarusamy, U. (2003). Maximizing the yield of mung bean by foliar application of growth regulating chemicals and nutrients. Madras Agric. J. 90: 142–45.
Choudhary, G. L. and Yadav, L. R. (2011). Effect of fertility levels and foliar nutrition on cowpea productivity. J. Food Legumes 24: 67–68.
Das, S. K. and Jana, K. (2015). Effect of foliar spray of water-soluble fertilizer at pre flowering stage on yield of pulses. Agric. Sci. Dig. 35: 275–79.
Dass, A., Rajanna, G. A., Babu, S., Lal, S. K., Choudhary, A. K., Singh, R., Rathore, S. S., Kaur, R., Dhar, S., Singh, T., Raj, R., Shekhawat, K., Singh, C. and Kumar, B. (2022). Foliar application of macro- and micronutrients improves the productivity, economic returns, and resource-use efficiency of soybean in a semiarid climate. Sustainability 14: doi:10.3390/su14105825.
Demİrer, T., Özer, İ., Koçtürk, O. and Er, A. (2004). Effects of different leaf fertilizers on yield and quality in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 7: 384–88. doi:10.3923/pjbs.2004.384.388.
Dixit, P. M. and Elamathi, S. (2007). Effect of foliar application of DAP, micronutrients and NAA on growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiata L.). Legume Res. 30: 305–307.
Elayaraja, D. and Angayarkanni, A. (2005). Effect of foliar spray on the NPK uptake and yield of rice fallow blackgram (cv. ADT 3). Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 39: 480–83.
Elwan, M. W. M. and El-Hamahmy, M. A. M. (2009). Improved productivity and quality associated with salicylic acid application in greenhouse pepper. Scientia Horticulturae 122: 521–26. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2009.07.001.
Fanish, S. A., Kartiba, L., Shanmugam, P. S. and Gnanamalar, R. P. (2022). Improving yield potential of pigeonpea through foliar nutrition. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 34: 1742–46. doi:10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i232599.
Ganapathy, M., Baradhan, G. and Ramesh, N. (2008). Effect of foliar nutrition on reproductive efficiency and grain yield of rice fallow pulses. Legume Res. 31: 14–144.
Geetha, P. (2003). Refinement of nutrient management techniques for rice fallow blackgram, M. Sc., (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Geetha, P. and Velayutham, A. (2009). Refinement of nutrient management techniques for growth, yield and nutrient uptake of rice fallow blackgram. Madras Agric. J. 96: 163–66.
Ghosh, M. K. and Joseph, S. A. (2008). Influence of biofertilizers, foliar application of DAP and sulphur sources on yield and yield attributes of summer green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). Legume Res. 31: 232–33.
Gowthami, P. and Rao, G. R. (2014). Effect of foliar application of potassium, boron and zinc on growth analysis and seed yield in soybean. Int. J. Food, Agric. Vet. Sci. 4: 73–80.
Gunes, A., Inal, A., Alpaslan, M., Eraslan, F., Bagci, E. G. and Cicek, N. (2007). Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.) grown under salinity. J. Plant Physiol. 164: 728–36. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2005.12.009.
Hale, K. L., McGrath, S. P., Lombi, E., Stack, S. M., Terry, N., Pickering, I. J., George, G. N. and Pilon-Smits, E. A. H. (2001). Molybdenum Sequestration in Brassica Species. A Role for Anthocyanins? Plant Physiol. 126: 1391–402. doi:10.1104/pp.126.4.1391.
Hussainy, S. A. H. and Vaidyanathan, R. (2020). Production potential of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) based intercropping system as influenced by different levels of irrigation. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 90: 365–70. doi:10.56093/ijas.v90i2.99024.
Jesvanthini, R. K. S., Baradhan, G., Suresh Kumar, S. M., Sathyanarayanan, G. and Immanuel, R. R. (2024). Efficacy of combined seed dressing and foliar application of seaweed extract on yield and yield parameters of black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Crop Res. 59: 133-37.
Jeyakumar, P., Velu, G., Rajendran, C., Amutha, R., Savery, M. and Chidambaram, S. (2008). Varied responses of black gram (Vigna mungo) to certain foliar applied chemicals and plant growth regulators. Legume Res. Int. J. 31: 105–09.
Kalpana, R. and Krishnarajan, J. (2003). Effects of combined application of nutrients and hormones on soybean yield. Legume Res. 26: 151–52.
Khalilzadeh, R., Tajbakhsh, M. and Jalilian, J. (2012). Growth characteristics of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) affected by foliar application of urea and bio-organic fertilizers. Int. J. Agric. Crop Sci. 4: 637–42.
Khan, W., Prithiviraj, B. and Smith, D. L. (2003). Photosynthetic responses of corn and soybean to foliar application of salicylates. J. Plant Physiol. 160: 485–92. doi:10.1078/0176-1617-00865.
Kharub, A. S., Chauhan, D. S., Sharma, R. K., Tripathi, S. C., Chhokar, R. S. and Sharma, V. K. (2002). Water soluble liquid fertilizers in wheat productivity and quality. Agric. Sci. Dig. 22: 161–63.
Krishnaveni, S. A., Palchamy, A. and Mahendran, S. (2004). Effect of foliar spray of nutrients on growth and yield of green gram (Phaseolus radiatus). Legume Res. Int. J. 27: 149–50.
Kumar, C. V., Vaiyapuri, K., Amanullah, M. M. and Gopalaswam, G. (2013). Influence of foliar spray of nutrients on yield and economics of soybean (Glycine max L. Merill). J. Biol. Sci. 13: 563–65. doi:10.3923/jbs.2013.563.565.
Kushwah, N., Singh, D., Chauhan, A. P. S. and Singh, R. P. (2023). Influence of foliar application of nutrients on yield and yield attributes of black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 35: 860–65. doi:10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i224197.
Kuttimani, R. and Velayutham, A. (2011). Foliar application of nutrients and growth regulators on yield and economics of green gram. Madras Agric. J. 98: 141–43.
Manivannan, V., and Thanunathan, K. (2003). Effect of foliar nutrition of major and chelated micronutrients and rhizobium seed treatment on rice-fallow blackgram. Madras Agric. J. 90: 344-47.
Manonmani, V. and Srimathi, P. (2009). Influence of mother crop nutrition on seed yield and quality of blackgram. Madras Agric. J. 96: 125–28.
Manu, M. and Wahab, K. (2002). Nutrient uptake and nodulation as influenced by irrigation and DAP spray in rice fallow blackgram cv. ADT 5—Part II. Plant Arch. 2: 55–57.
Mishra, B. P., Namdeo, K. N. and Tiwari, R. K. (2003). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield, quality and nutrient uptake of blackgram. Ann. Plant Soil Res. 5: 151–53.
Mondal, M. M. A., Puteh, A. B., Malek, M. A. and Roy, S. (2012). Effect of foliar application of urea on physiological characters and yield of soybean. Legume Res. Int. J. 35: 202-06.
Naeem, M., Khan, M. M. A., Moinuddin, and Siddiqui, M. H. (2009). Triacontanol stimulates nitrogen-fixation, enzyme activities, photosynthesis, crop productivity and quality of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L.). Scientia Horticulturae 121: 389–96. doi:10.1016/ j.scienta.2009.02.030.
Nigamananda Behera, N. B. and Elamathi, S. (2007). Studies on the time of nitrogen, application foliar spray of DAP, and growth regulator on yield attributes, yield and economics of green gram (Vigna radiata L.). Int. J. Agric. Sci. 3: 168–69.
Pandey, N. and Gupta, B. (2013). The impact of foliar boron sprays on reproductive biology and seed quality of black gram. J. Trace Elements Med. Biol. 27: 58–64. doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.07.003.
Parasuraman, P. (2001). Effect of seed pelleting with diammonium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and foliar spray with diammonium phosphate on growth and yield of rainfed cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Indian J. Agron. 46: 131–34.
Patil, A. S., Patel, H. K. and Chauhan, N. P. (2014a). Yield, quality and monetary returns of summer pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) as influenced by integrated nitrogen management and sowing methods. Crop Res. 47: 24–28.
Patil, K., Madhu, G. K., and Shruti, M. K. (2014b). Effect of foliar application of water-soluble fertilizer on growth and yield of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp). BIOINFOLET 11: 229–32.
Punithavathi, M. (2012). Effect of seed treatments and foliar spray of nutrients and growth regulators on the seed yield of dhaincha. M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Rajavel, M. and Vincent, S. (2009). Influence of nutrients and hormones on yield maximization of blackgram. J. Ecobiol. 24: 387–94.
Rajesh, N. and Paulpandi, V. K. (2013). Review of foliar nutrition in Redgram enhancing the growth and yield characters. Am. Int. J. Res. Formal Appl. Nat. Sci. 2: 9–13.
Rajeshkumar, S. (2012). System of crop intensification on irrigated blackgram. M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Ramanathan, S., Natarajan, K. and Stalin, P. (2004). Effect of foliar nutrition on grain yield of rice fallow black gram. Madras Agric. J, 91: 160–63.
Ramesh, K. and Thirumurugan, V. (2001). Effect of seed pelleting and foliar nutrition on growth of soybean. Madras Agric. J, 88: 465–68.
Ramesh, T., Rathika, S., Parthipan, T. and Ravi, V. (2016). Productivity enhancement in black gram through refinement of nutrient management under rice fallow condition. Legume Res. 39: 106–09.
Rao, D. S. N., Naidu, T. C. M. and Rani, Y. A. (2015). Effect of foliar nutrition on water potential, photosynthetic rate, dry matter production and yield of mung bean under receding soil moisture condition. Int. J. Appl. Biol. Pharm. Technol. 6: 16–22.
Sathya, K. (2012). Effect of soil and foliar application of nutrients on growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Hepper). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Selvi, R. V., Rajendran, P. and Anbumani, S. (2000). Effect of time and method of nitrogen and phosphorus application on green gram. In: Proc. National Symposium on Agronomy: Challenges and Strategies for the New Millennium, November 15–18, Gujarat Agricultural University Campus, Junagadh, Gujarat, India. pp. 78.
Sen, A., Panda, D., Ghosh, D. C. and Pramanik, K. (2012). Effect of moisture stress and growth regulators on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Int. J. Bio-Resour. Stress Manag. 3: 481–88.
Shi, Q., Bao, Z., Zhu, Z., Ying, Q. and Qian, Q. (2006). Effects of different treatments of salicylic acid on heat tolerance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and antioxidant enzyme activity in seedlings of Cucumis sativa L. Plant Growth Regul. 48: 127–35. doi:10.1007/s10725-005-5482-6.
Shinde, S. and Bhilare, R. (2003). Response of chickpea to soil and foliar application of DAP. Madras Agric. J. 90: 352-54.
Shridha Chaurasia, S. C. and Chaurasia, A. (2008). Effect of fertility levels and growth regulators on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Crop Res. 36: 71–75.
Singh, K., Kumar, S. and Kaur, C. (2020). Effect of foliar application of water-soluble fertilizers on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Indian J. Agric. Res. 55: 639–42. doi:10.18805/IJARe.A-5635.
Siva, J. (2016). Effect of sowing methods and foliar nutrition for maximizing the productivity of rice fallow blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Solaiappan, U., Paulpandi, V. and Chellaiah, N. (2002). Effect of graded levels of phosphorus and foliar fertilization on short duration redgram in rainfed vertisol. Madras Agric. J. 89: 451-54.
Sritharan, N., Aravazhi, A. and Vanangamudi, M. (2005). Effect of foliar spray of nutrients and plant growth regulators (PGRs) for yield maximization in blackgram. Madras Agric. J. 92: 301-07.
Sritharan, N., Rajavel, M. and Senthilkumar, R. (2015). Physiological approaches: Yield improvement in blackgram. Legume Res. 38: 91–95.
Subramani, M. and Solaimalai, A. (2000). Influence of plant populations and methods of nutrient application on growth and yield of blackgram. Legume Res. 23: 197–98.
Sujatha, K. (2001). Effect of foliar spray of chemicals and bioregulators on growth and yield of greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Surendar, K. K., Vincent, S., Vanagamudi, M. and Vijayaraghavan, H. (2013). Plant growth regulators and nitrogen responses on improving nutrient content of black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Plant Gene Trait 4: 66–69. doi:10.5376/pgt.2013.04.0012.
Tahir, M., Maqbool, R., Majeed, A., Rehman, A. U. and Zafar, M. A. (2014). Potential of foliar applied diammonium phosphate (Dap) and potassium (K) in achieving maximum productivity and quality of mash bean (Vigna mungo L.). Scientia Agric. 7: 147–49.
Thangaraj, M. (2000). Recent research in foliar nutrition on pulse crop. In: proc. symposium on recent advances in pulse crop production technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. pp. 105–12.
Thagunna, S. S. (2024). Exploring organic cultivation methods for black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper): A review. Farm. Manage. 9: 18-24.
Vekaria, G. B., Talpada, M. M., Sutaria, G. S. and Akbari, K. N. (2013). Effect of foliar nutrition of potassium nitrate on the growth and yield of greengram (Vigna radiata L.). Legume Res. 36. 162-64.
Venkatesh, M. S. and Basu, P. S. (2012). Foliar application of nitrogenous fertilizers for improved productivity of chickpea under rainfed conditions. Legume Res. 35: 231-34.
Verma, C., Yadav, D. and Vishram Singh, V. S. (2011). Effect on yield and quality of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) varieties by foliar spray of urea and seed rates. Plant Arch. 11: 289–91.
Vieira, R. F., Vieira, C., Cardoso, E. J. B. N. and Mosquim, P. R. (1998). Foliar application of molybdenum in common bean. II. Nitrogenase and nitrate reductase activities in a soil of low fertility. J. Plant Nutr. 21: 2141-51. doi:10.1080/01904169809365550.
Vinoth, V. (2013). Effect of foliar nutrition on the growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Yadav, L. R. and Choudhary, G. L. (2012). Effect of fertility levels and foliar nutrition on profitability, nutrient content and uptake of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Legume Res. 35: 258–60.
Yakadri, M. and Thatikunta, R. (2002). Effect of soil application of potassium and DAP spray in blackgram (Vigna mungo L.). Madras Agric. J. 89: 147-49.
Bahr, A. A. (2007). Effect of plant density and urea foliar application on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Res. J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 3: 220–23.
Balachandran, D. and Nagarajan, P. (2002). Dual inoculation of Rhizobium and phosphobacteria with phosphorus on black gram cv. Vamban 1. Madras Agric. J. 89: 691-96.
Balaji, E., Kumar, D. and Srinithan, T. (2021). Evaluation of different organic nutrient solutions on the growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) under irrigated condition. Crop Res. 56: 183-85.
Balusamy, M. and Meyyazhagan, N. (2000). Foliar nutrition to pulse crop. Training Manual on Recent Advances in Pulses Production Technology, CASA, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. pp. 113–15.
Basavarajappa, R., Salakinkop, S. R., Hebbar, M., Basavarajappa, M. P. and Patil, H. Y. (2013). Influence of foliar nutrition on performance of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.), nutrient uptake and economics under dry land ecosystems. Legume Res. 36: 422–28.
Bhoopathi, M. (2012, January 15). TNAU develops a pulse wonder to increase production | Coimbatore News—Times of India. The Times of India. https://timesofindia. indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/tnau-develops-a-pulse-wonder-to-increase-production/ articleshow/11491992.cms.
Bhowmick, M. K., Aich, A., Aich, S. S., Shrivastava, M. P., Gupta, S. and Man, G. C. (2005). Crop diversification through paira (utera) cropping with rabi pulses. SATSA Mukhapatra-Annual Technical 9: 43–60.
Biswas, P. K., Bhowmick, M. K. and Bhattacharya, A. (2009). Effect of molybdenum and seed inoculation on nodulation, growth and yield in urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. J. Crop Weed 5: 141–44.
Chandrasekhar, C. N. and Bangarusamy, U. (2003). Maximizing the yield of mung bean by foliar application of growth regulating chemicals and nutrients. Madras Agric. J. 90: 142–45.
Choudhary, G. L. and Yadav, L. R. (2011). Effect of fertility levels and foliar nutrition on cowpea productivity. J. Food Legumes 24: 67–68.
Das, S. K. and Jana, K. (2015). Effect of foliar spray of water-soluble fertilizer at pre flowering stage on yield of pulses. Agric. Sci. Dig. 35: 275–79.
Dass, A., Rajanna, G. A., Babu, S., Lal, S. K., Choudhary, A. K., Singh, R., Rathore, S. S., Kaur, R., Dhar, S., Singh, T., Raj, R., Shekhawat, K., Singh, C. and Kumar, B. (2022). Foliar application of macro- and micronutrients improves the productivity, economic returns, and resource-use efficiency of soybean in a semiarid climate. Sustainability 14: doi:10.3390/su14105825.
Demİrer, T., Özer, İ., Koçtürk, O. and Er, A. (2004). Effects of different leaf fertilizers on yield and quality in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 7: 384–88. doi:10.3923/pjbs.2004.384.388.
Dixit, P. M. and Elamathi, S. (2007). Effect of foliar application of DAP, micronutrients and NAA on growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiata L.). Legume Res. 30: 305–307.
Elayaraja, D. and Angayarkanni, A. (2005). Effect of foliar spray on the NPK uptake and yield of rice fallow blackgram (cv. ADT 3). Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 39: 480–83.
Elwan, M. W. M. and El-Hamahmy, M. A. M. (2009). Improved productivity and quality associated with salicylic acid application in greenhouse pepper. Scientia Horticulturae 122: 521–26. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2009.07.001.
Fanish, S. A., Kartiba, L., Shanmugam, P. S. and Gnanamalar, R. P. (2022). Improving yield potential of pigeonpea through foliar nutrition. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 34: 1742–46. doi:10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i232599.
Ganapathy, M., Baradhan, G. and Ramesh, N. (2008). Effect of foliar nutrition on reproductive efficiency and grain yield of rice fallow pulses. Legume Res. 31: 14–144.
Geetha, P. (2003). Refinement of nutrient management techniques for rice fallow blackgram, M. Sc., (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Geetha, P. and Velayutham, A. (2009). Refinement of nutrient management techniques for growth, yield and nutrient uptake of rice fallow blackgram. Madras Agric. J. 96: 163–66.
Ghosh, M. K. and Joseph, S. A. (2008). Influence of biofertilizers, foliar application of DAP and sulphur sources on yield and yield attributes of summer green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). Legume Res. 31: 232–33.
Gowthami, P. and Rao, G. R. (2014). Effect of foliar application of potassium, boron and zinc on growth analysis and seed yield in soybean. Int. J. Food, Agric. Vet. Sci. 4: 73–80.
Gunes, A., Inal, A., Alpaslan, M., Eraslan, F., Bagci, E. G. and Cicek, N. (2007). Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.) grown under salinity. J. Plant Physiol. 164: 728–36. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2005.12.009.
Hale, K. L., McGrath, S. P., Lombi, E., Stack, S. M., Terry, N., Pickering, I. J., George, G. N. and Pilon-Smits, E. A. H. (2001). Molybdenum Sequestration in Brassica Species. A Role for Anthocyanins? Plant Physiol. 126: 1391–402. doi:10.1104/pp.126.4.1391.
Hussainy, S. A. H. and Vaidyanathan, R. (2020). Production potential of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) based intercropping system as influenced by different levels of irrigation. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 90: 365–70. doi:10.56093/ijas.v90i2.99024.
Jesvanthini, R. K. S., Baradhan, G., Suresh Kumar, S. M., Sathyanarayanan, G. and Immanuel, R. R. (2024). Efficacy of combined seed dressing and foliar application of seaweed extract on yield and yield parameters of black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Crop Res. 59: 133-37.
Jeyakumar, P., Velu, G., Rajendran, C., Amutha, R., Savery, M. and Chidambaram, S. (2008). Varied responses of black gram (Vigna mungo) to certain foliar applied chemicals and plant growth regulators. Legume Res. Int. J. 31: 105–09.
Kalpana, R. and Krishnarajan, J. (2003). Effects of combined application of nutrients and hormones on soybean yield. Legume Res. 26: 151–52.
Khalilzadeh, R., Tajbakhsh, M. and Jalilian, J. (2012). Growth characteristics of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) affected by foliar application of urea and bio-organic fertilizers. Int. J. Agric. Crop Sci. 4: 637–42.
Khan, W., Prithiviraj, B. and Smith, D. L. (2003). Photosynthetic responses of corn and soybean to foliar application of salicylates. J. Plant Physiol. 160: 485–92. doi:10.1078/0176-1617-00865.
Kharub, A. S., Chauhan, D. S., Sharma, R. K., Tripathi, S. C., Chhokar, R. S. and Sharma, V. K. (2002). Water soluble liquid fertilizers in wheat productivity and quality. Agric. Sci. Dig. 22: 161–63.
Krishnaveni, S. A., Palchamy, A. and Mahendran, S. (2004). Effect of foliar spray of nutrients on growth and yield of green gram (Phaseolus radiatus). Legume Res. Int. J. 27: 149–50.
Kumar, C. V., Vaiyapuri, K., Amanullah, M. M. and Gopalaswam, G. (2013). Influence of foliar spray of nutrients on yield and economics of soybean (Glycine max L. Merill). J. Biol. Sci. 13: 563–65. doi:10.3923/jbs.2013.563.565.
Kushwah, N., Singh, D., Chauhan, A. P. S. and Singh, R. P. (2023). Influence of foliar application of nutrients on yield and yield attributes of black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 35: 860–65. doi:10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i224197.
Kuttimani, R. and Velayutham, A. (2011). Foliar application of nutrients and growth regulators on yield and economics of green gram. Madras Agric. J. 98: 141–43.
Manivannan, V., and Thanunathan, K. (2003). Effect of foliar nutrition of major and chelated micronutrients and rhizobium seed treatment on rice-fallow blackgram. Madras Agric. J. 90: 344-47.
Manonmani, V. and Srimathi, P. (2009). Influence of mother crop nutrition on seed yield and quality of blackgram. Madras Agric. J. 96: 125–28.
Manu, M. and Wahab, K. (2002). Nutrient uptake and nodulation as influenced by irrigation and DAP spray in rice fallow blackgram cv. ADT 5—Part II. Plant Arch. 2: 55–57.
Mishra, B. P., Namdeo, K. N. and Tiwari, R. K. (2003). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield, quality and nutrient uptake of blackgram. Ann. Plant Soil Res. 5: 151–53.
Mondal, M. M. A., Puteh, A. B., Malek, M. A. and Roy, S. (2012). Effect of foliar application of urea on physiological characters and yield of soybean. Legume Res. Int. J. 35: 202-06.
Naeem, M., Khan, M. M. A., Moinuddin, and Siddiqui, M. H. (2009). Triacontanol stimulates nitrogen-fixation, enzyme activities, photosynthesis, crop productivity and quality of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L.). Scientia Horticulturae 121: 389–96. doi:10.1016/ j.scienta.2009.02.030.
Nigamananda Behera, N. B. and Elamathi, S. (2007). Studies on the time of nitrogen, application foliar spray of DAP, and growth regulator on yield attributes, yield and economics of green gram (Vigna radiata L.). Int. J. Agric. Sci. 3: 168–69.
Pandey, N. and Gupta, B. (2013). The impact of foliar boron sprays on reproductive biology and seed quality of black gram. J. Trace Elements Med. Biol. 27: 58–64. doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.07.003.
Parasuraman, P. (2001). Effect of seed pelleting with diammonium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and foliar spray with diammonium phosphate on growth and yield of rainfed cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Indian J. Agron. 46: 131–34.
Patil, A. S., Patel, H. K. and Chauhan, N. P. (2014a). Yield, quality and monetary returns of summer pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) as influenced by integrated nitrogen management and sowing methods. Crop Res. 47: 24–28.
Patil, K., Madhu, G. K., and Shruti, M. K. (2014b). Effect of foliar application of water-soluble fertilizer on growth and yield of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp). BIOINFOLET 11: 229–32.
Punithavathi, M. (2012). Effect of seed treatments and foliar spray of nutrients and growth regulators on the seed yield of dhaincha. M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Rajavel, M. and Vincent, S. (2009). Influence of nutrients and hormones on yield maximization of blackgram. J. Ecobiol. 24: 387–94.
Rajesh, N. and Paulpandi, V. K. (2013). Review of foliar nutrition in Redgram enhancing the growth and yield characters. Am. Int. J. Res. Formal Appl. Nat. Sci. 2: 9–13.
Rajeshkumar, S. (2012). System of crop intensification on irrigated blackgram. M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Ramanathan, S., Natarajan, K. and Stalin, P. (2004). Effect of foliar nutrition on grain yield of rice fallow black gram. Madras Agric. J, 91: 160–63.
Ramesh, K. and Thirumurugan, V. (2001). Effect of seed pelleting and foliar nutrition on growth of soybean. Madras Agric. J, 88: 465–68.
Ramesh, T., Rathika, S., Parthipan, T. and Ravi, V. (2016). Productivity enhancement in black gram through refinement of nutrient management under rice fallow condition. Legume Res. 39: 106–09.
Rao, D. S. N., Naidu, T. C. M. and Rani, Y. A. (2015). Effect of foliar nutrition on water potential, photosynthetic rate, dry matter production and yield of mung bean under receding soil moisture condition. Int. J. Appl. Biol. Pharm. Technol. 6: 16–22.
Sathya, K. (2012). Effect of soil and foliar application of nutrients on growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Hepper). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Selvi, R. V., Rajendran, P. and Anbumani, S. (2000). Effect of time and method of nitrogen and phosphorus application on green gram. In: Proc. National Symposium on Agronomy: Challenges and Strategies for the New Millennium, November 15–18, Gujarat Agricultural University Campus, Junagadh, Gujarat, India. pp. 78.
Sen, A., Panda, D., Ghosh, D. C. and Pramanik, K. (2012). Effect of moisture stress and growth regulators on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Int. J. Bio-Resour. Stress Manag. 3: 481–88.
Shi, Q., Bao, Z., Zhu, Z., Ying, Q. and Qian, Q. (2006). Effects of different treatments of salicylic acid on heat tolerance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and antioxidant enzyme activity in seedlings of Cucumis sativa L. Plant Growth Regul. 48: 127–35. doi:10.1007/s10725-005-5482-6.
Shinde, S. and Bhilare, R. (2003). Response of chickpea to soil and foliar application of DAP. Madras Agric. J. 90: 352-54.
Shridha Chaurasia, S. C. and Chaurasia, A. (2008). Effect of fertility levels and growth regulators on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Crop Res. 36: 71–75.
Singh, K., Kumar, S. and Kaur, C. (2020). Effect of foliar application of water-soluble fertilizers on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Indian J. Agric. Res. 55: 639–42. doi:10.18805/IJARe.A-5635.
Siva, J. (2016). Effect of sowing methods and foliar nutrition for maximizing the productivity of rice fallow blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Solaiappan, U., Paulpandi, V. and Chellaiah, N. (2002). Effect of graded levels of phosphorus and foliar fertilization on short duration redgram in rainfed vertisol. Madras Agric. J. 89: 451-54.
Sritharan, N., Aravazhi, A. and Vanangamudi, M. (2005). Effect of foliar spray of nutrients and plant growth regulators (PGRs) for yield maximization in blackgram. Madras Agric. J. 92: 301-07.
Sritharan, N., Rajavel, M. and Senthilkumar, R. (2015). Physiological approaches: Yield improvement in blackgram. Legume Res. 38: 91–95.
Subramani, M. and Solaimalai, A. (2000). Influence of plant populations and methods of nutrient application on growth and yield of blackgram. Legume Res. 23: 197–98.
Sujatha, K. (2001). Effect of foliar spray of chemicals and bioregulators on growth and yield of greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Surendar, K. K., Vincent, S., Vanagamudi, M. and Vijayaraghavan, H. (2013). Plant growth regulators and nitrogen responses on improving nutrient content of black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Plant Gene Trait 4: 66–69. doi:10.5376/pgt.2013.04.0012.
Tahir, M., Maqbool, R., Majeed, A., Rehman, A. U. and Zafar, M. A. (2014). Potential of foliar applied diammonium phosphate (Dap) and potassium (K) in achieving maximum productivity and quality of mash bean (Vigna mungo L.). Scientia Agric. 7: 147–49.
Thangaraj, M. (2000). Recent research in foliar nutrition on pulse crop. In: proc. symposium on recent advances in pulse crop production technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. pp. 105–12.
Thagunna, S. S. (2024). Exploring organic cultivation methods for black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper): A review. Farm. Manage. 9: 18-24.
Vekaria, G. B., Talpada, M. M., Sutaria, G. S. and Akbari, K. N. (2013). Effect of foliar nutrition of potassium nitrate on the growth and yield of greengram (Vigna radiata L.). Legume Res. 36. 162-64.
Venkatesh, M. S. and Basu, P. S. (2012). Foliar application of nitrogenous fertilizers for improved productivity of chickpea under rainfed conditions. Legume Res. 35: 231-34.
Verma, C., Yadav, D. and Vishram Singh, V. S. (2011). Effect on yield and quality of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) varieties by foliar spray of urea and seed rates. Plant Arch. 11: 289–91.
Vieira, R. F., Vieira, C., Cardoso, E. J. B. N. and Mosquim, P. R. (1998). Foliar application of molybdenum in common bean. II. Nitrogenase and nitrate reductase activities in a soil of low fertility. J. Plant Nutr. 21: 2141-51. doi:10.1080/01904169809365550.
Vinoth, V. (2013). Effect of foliar nutrition on the growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Yadav, L. R. and Choudhary, G. L. (2012). Effect of fertility levels and foliar nutrition on profitability, nutrient content and uptake of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Legume Res. 35: 258–60.
Yakadri, M. and Thatikunta, R. (2002). Effect of soil application of potassium and DAP spray in blackgram (Vigna mungo L.). Madras Agric. J. 89: 147-49.
